CONTENTS xvii 
Freshets—Floods—The Mississippi—The river as it was 
and as it is—European rivers—The Thames, the Rhine, 
the Danube—The Mountain Track—Brooks—The moun- 
tain-brook and its motion—In the ravine—The gorge— 
Following the brook—By the waterfall—The cataract— 
Niagara—Brook reflections—The frozen stream--Purity 
of brook waters—The river’s souree—Catch-basins—The 
rivulet-—The beginning of the stream. ........ eoeee 153 
CuapTEeR IX. Still Waters.—Names of seas and lakes— 
Definitions—Lakes vs. oceans—The mountain-lake—Its 
various features—Purity and clarity of its waters—Lake 
charm and sentiment—-Local coloring of the water— 
Colors of background—Local hue and reflection— Con- 
fusion of hues—Reflections—Seen at night—Confusion 
of reflections with shadows—Surface appearances and 
phases of reflection—On darkened waters—On strong- 
hued waters—Variations and distortions—The likeness 
inexact—The angle of reflection—Elongated reflec:ons— 
The Angels’ Pathway—Romance—Moonlight on the lake 
—Material beauty of American lakes—Lake George a 
type—The pond in the forest—The prairie pond—In 
Indian days—-Artificial waters—Venetian lagoons and 
canals—Holland canals—The mountain-lake once more— 
Its serene beauty...........6.05 Ris tee senda 174 
Cnaprer X. The Earth Frame.—Farth and sea—The 
earth’s surface—Inequalities of the surface—The skeleton 
of the earth—Strength of the frame--Formation of the 
crust—Geological formations—Solidity of the earth— 
Permanence of the flat prairies—And of the primeval 
forests—And of the desert—The sands of Sahara—The 
yaulting of the globe—The understructure of the Alps— 
The base of the Jungfrau from Miirren—Foundations of 
