CAPRIFOLIACEAE 179 



Fruit hispid or bristly. 

 Stems strongly recurved bristly on the angles. 

 Leaves I'-S' long. 

 Leaves V or less long. 

 Stems nearly smooth on the angles. 

 Leaves in fours. 

 Leaves in sixes. 

 Fruit smooth. 



Flowers in clusters. 

 Flowers in cymes. 



1. G. Aparine L. Goose Grass. Annual, spreading : leaves in 6's 

 or 8's, oblanceolate-linear : cymes 1-3-flowered : fruit 2"-3" broad. — 

 Common in shaded grounds. April-June. 



2. G. Vaillantii DC. Cleavers. Like the last but the leaves smaller, 

 the cymes 2-9-flowered and the fruit less than IJ" broad. — Common in 

 dry grounds. April-June. 



3. G. circaezans Miohx. Wild Liquorice. Perennial, e'-lS' high, 

 pubescent : leaves oval : cymes forking : corolla greenish, — Rather com- 

 mon in dry rocky woods. May-July. 



4. G. triflorum Michx. Fragrant Bedstraw. Perennial, spread- 

 ing, sweet-scented : leaves oval-lanceolate, cuspidate : peduncles 3 flow- 

 ered or 3-branohed : flowers greenish . — Rather common in woods. June- 

 September. 



5. G. tinctorium L. Marsh Bedstraw. Perennial, 6'-V2' high : 

 nearly glabrous ; leaves linear : corolla lobes acute : endosperm annular 

 in cross-section. — Ofted common in low meadows, especially in the north- 

 eastern part. May-June. 



6. G. concinnum Torr. & Gray. Wood Bedstraw. Perennial, 6'- 

 15' high, scabrous : leaves linear : corolla lobes acute : endosperm lunate 

 in cross section : flowers in open cymes. — Common in dry woodlands. 

 May-June. 



Family 119. CAPRIFOLIACEAE Vent. 



Plants with opposite leaves. Calyx tube coherent with the ovary, its 

 limb with 3-5 divisions. Corolla gamopetalous, variously shaped, its limb 

 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted on the corolla, alternate with its lobes. 

 Ovary inferior, 1-6-oelled. Style one. Stigma capitate or 3-5-lobed. 

 Fruit a 1-severaI-seeded berry, drupe or capsule. 



Flowers in terminal compound cymes. 

 Leaves compound. 1. Sambucos. 



Leaves simple. 2. Viburnum. 



Flowers axillary or clustered. 



Perennial herbs. 3. Teiostbum. 



Woody plants. 

 Corolla bell-shaped, regular. 4. Symphoricahpos. 



Corolla tubular, irregular. 5. Lonioera. 



1. SAMBUCUS L. 



Shrubs with white flowers in compound cymes. Calyx minutely 3-5- 

 toothed. Corolla rotate, 5-lobed. Stamens five. Stigmas three. Fruit 

 a berry-like drupe containing 3-5 nutlets. 



