BUCCAI, CAVITY 301 



3. The sides of the mouth are smooth and soft, with the 



exception of a hairy patch on each side, between the 

 incisor and molar teeth. 



4. The pharynx is a continuation backwards of the buccal 



cavity, beyond the margin of the soft palate. The 

 mouth and the posterior narial chamber open into 

 it in front ; posteriorly it is continued back into the 

 oesophagus ; and ventraUy it communicates through 

 the glottis and trachea with the lungs. 

 To expose the pha/rynx, extend the cut backwards about an 

 inch beyond the tongue, 



a. The glottis is a large opening in the floor of the 



pharynx, a short way behind the tongue, leading 

 into the trachea, or windpipe. 



b. The epiglottis is a thin, bilobed, cartilaginous flap, 



forming the anterior boundary of the glottis, and 

 projecting into the pharynx behind the tongue, 

 opposite the free edge of the soft palate. During 

 the act of swallowing it folds back over the glottis, 

 and closes its entrance. 

 5. The posterior nasal chamber lies above the soft palate, 

 which separates it from the buccal cavity. 

 Lay open the nasal chamber by slitting up the soft palate 

 in the median lme,froin behind forwards. 



Fig. 42. — Lepus cnniciilas. — Diagrammatic view from the left side. The 

 head and vertebral colnmn are represented in longitudinal section : 

 the Inngs, the left half of the liver, the stomach, IJbe greater part of 

 the intestine, and the brain and spinal cord have been removed, and 

 the loop of the dnodenum spread ont. (a. u. m.) 



A, tongae. AN, anus. B, bladder. BO. basi-occipital. BS, basi- 

 sphenoid. C, liver. CA, carotid artery. , S, diaphragm. DA, aorta. 

 £1, dnodenmn. ST, ethmotnrblnal. SIT, aperture of Eastacbian tnbe. 

 F, pancreas. FF, floccnlar fossa. Q-, ^11-bladder. H, bile^dnct. 

 HV, opening of bepatic vein into posterior Tena cava. IV, posterior vena cava. 

 J, organ of Jacobson. JV, jngn^ vein. !K, kidney, turned up. L, larynx. 

 Ii A, left anricle. IiO, sublingual gland. IiV, left ventricle. I, 7, seventh 

 lumbar vertebra. M, manubriom stemL !B£A, anterior mesenteric artery. 

 SdCQ-, submaxillary gland. MT, maziUo-turbinal. IT, posterior narial 

 passage. O, optic foramen, F, hard palate. PA spermatic artery. 

 PD, pancreatic duct. PQ-, perinseal gland. PIT, penis. PS, pre^sphenoid. 

 FV, portal vein. Q, cesophagus. B, rectum. BQ-, rectal gland. S, uterus 

 masculinus. SA, left subclavian artery. SB, suprarenal body, displaced. 

 SV, left anterior vena cava, TN, right tonsil. TB, trachea, 7 1, first 

 thoracic vertebra. T 12, twelfth thoracic vertebra. IT, ureter, V, testis. 

 W, epididymis. Z, vas deferens. 7, prostate. Z, pelvic symphysis. 



