392 DISSECTION OF THE PIGEON 



1. The posterior narial apertures are a pair of long narrow 



apertures, lying side by side in the roof of the 

 mouth. The anterior two-thirds of their length is 

 hidden by a pair of prominent folds of the mucous 

 membrane of the palate. 



2. The aperture of the Eustachian tubes is a median open- 



ing, behind the posterior narial apertures. 



Pass a seeker through the aperture, and along the right 

 and left Eustachian tubes to the tympanic cavities. 



3. The tongue is triangular, ending in front in a sharp, 



forwardly directed point ; and produced behind into 

 a pair of backwardly directed processes, friaged with 

 fine horny papillse. 



4. The glottis is an oval aperture, with tumid lips, in the 



floor of the mouth, just behind the tongue. 



5. The entrance to the cesophagus is large and wide, and 



situated behind the glottis. 



B. The Abdominal Viscera in situ. 



Lift up the hinder end of the sternum, and cut through 

 its sides about midway between the dorsal and ventral sur- 

 faces. Gut through the coracoids and clavicles about the 

 middle of their length. Detach the sternum with a scalpel 

 from the underlying parts, and remove it entirely. 



1. The falciform ligament is a median vertical sheet of 



peritoneum, connecting the dorsal surface of the 

 sternum with the underlying viscera ; it is continuous 

 in front with the pericardium, and behind with the 

 omentum. 



2. The heart, which is still enclosed in the pericardium, is 



large and conical, with the apex directed backwards. 

 It lies in the anterior part of the thorax. 



3. The lungs are spongy bodies lying at the sides of, and 



dorsal to, the heart, and very largely concealed by it. 



4. The liver is a solid, lobed organ, of a dark-red colour, 



lying behind, and at the sides of, the heart. 



