CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER IV. 



PAGE 



Defects— Heart-shake— Woods affected- In Teak attributed to ringing 

 or girdling — Various defects and their causes, &c. — Defects — Bais 

 rouge — Hollow branches, &c. — Star-shake — External evidence of — 

 Trees most frequent in — Cup-shake — Varieties of — Occur in sound 

 trees — Frost-cracks — Sun-burns— Forest fires S3 



CHAPTER V. 



Annual layers of irregular growth— Departure from natural colour— Spots 

 — Swellings — Removal of branches — Broken branches — Mode of 

 pruning — Druxy knot — Rind-gall — How to select timber, spars, 

 planks, deals, &c 63 



CHAPTER VI. 



Timber— Numerous experiments — Specimens well seasoned — Sizes ex- 

 perimented on — Mode of testing — Transverse — Tensile, &c. . . 70 



CHAPTER VII. 



Timber — Winter felled — Natural seasoning — Suggestions for staclung — 

 Seasoning — Duhamel's plan — Fincham's — Steaming — Heated 

 chambers — Carbonising— M. de Lapparent's patent— Tried at Wool- 

 wich—Experiments—Tables — Abstracts of previous experiments— Im- 

 pregnation with antiseptics, &c. — Materials used — Methods . . 73 



Part e. 



THE TIMBER OF DICOTYLEDONOUS TREES. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



European timbers— British species of Oak— Best soil for— Standard of 

 quaUty — Dimensions attained — Qualities — Store formerly kept in 

 H.M.'s Dockyards — Substitutes for, &c ga 



CHAPTER IX. 



British Oak — Tables of experiments — Elasticity — Strength — Barlow's 

 formulae— Experiments on pieces cut from centre of log— Deflection, 

 &c. 



99 



