CHAPTER XXVII. 



PINES. 



Many woods yielded by true Pines are known as 

 Firs in commerce; thus the Scotch Pine is often called 

 Scots Fir, and its timber comes into the market 

 under a most puzzling variety of names — e.g.. Red Fir, 

 Yellow Fir, often complicated by names derived from 

 the ports of shipment : Riga, Memel, Dantzic, Stettin, 

 &c., and so on. I retain the ordinary terminology, but 

 it should be remembered that Firs proper are only of 

 the genera Abies, Picea, Tsuga, and Pseudo-tsuga. It 

 should further be noted that the various kinds of wood 

 denominated as Dantzic, Memel, Riga, and Swedish 

 Fir (or Pine) are not botanically different species, but 

 merely the timber of the same tree grown and shipped 

 in different districts. Broadly speaking, all the red and 

 yellow timber coming from the Baltic ports goes under 

 the name of Fir, though it is really the wood of a Pine 

 {P- sylvestris). White Fir is the Spruce [Picea excelsa), 

 commonly known as White Deal. 



DANTZIC FIR OR NORTHERN PINE {Pinus sylvestris). 



The wood of this tree takes its name from the port of 

 shipment, the forests from which it is drawn being spread 



