part W. 

 APPENDICES. 



APPENDIX A. 



SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL USES FOR WHICH TIMBER IS 

 EMPLOYED. 



Timber may be employed in the rough, or split, or sawn, 

 or worked up in various ways. 



(i.) For constructions, such as buildings, bridges, piers, 

 &c., where great weights have to be supported, and the 

 materials must be in large masses, strong and durable. Posts, 

 baulks, rafters, staircases, sashes, &c., of all kinds come under 

 this heading. 



(2.) Piles and similar structures demand special properties 

 of resistance and durability in contact with water, permanent 

 or temporary, as the case may be. 



(3.) Wooden pavements, exposed stairs, and wooden road- 

 ways of various kinds, as well as wooden protections to banks, 

 docks, locks, &c., also require exceptional capacities for 

 resisting wear and tear and exposure. 



(4.) Railway sleepers and telegraph poles consume 

 enormous quantities of timber in all countries ; here, again, 

 durabiUty, hardness, and elasticity are demanded. 



(5.) Palisading, fencing, shingles, &c., are purposes for 

 which enormous quantities of split or sawn timber are con- 

 sumed. The exposure of such wood to sun and rain, insects, 

 &c., limits the kind to be employed considerably. 



