VIU CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Lizard.like Parent-form (Protamnion) . — First Formation of the 

 Allantois and of the Amnion. — Branching of the Amnion Animala 

 in Two Lines : on the one side, Eeptiles (and Birds), on the other 

 side, Mammals ... ... ... ..• ■•• ••• 107 



CHAPTER XIX. 



THE PEDIGREE OP MAN. 



IV. From the Peimitive Mammal to the Ape. 



The Mammalian Character of Man. — Common Descent of all Mammals 

 from a Single Parent-form (Promammalian) . — Bifurcation of the 

 Amnion Animals into Two Main Lines : on the one side, Rep- 

 tiles and Birds, on the other, Mammals. — Date of the Origin of 

 Mammals : the Trias Period. — The Three Main Groups or Sab- 

 classes of Mammals : their Genealogical Relations. — Sixteenth 

 Ancestral Stage : Cloacal Animals (Hfoiioirejiiafa, or OrnUlwdelphia) . 

 — The Extinct Primitive Mammals (Promammalia) and the Extant 

 Beaked Animals (Qmithostomcu) . — Seventeenth Ancestral Stage: 

 Pouched Animals (Marsupialia, or Didelphia) . — Extinct and Extant 

 Pouched Animals. — Their Intermediate Position between Mono- 

 tromes and Placental Animals. — Origin and Structure of Placental 

 Animals (Placentalia, or Monodelphia). — Formation of the Pla- 

 centa. — The Deciduous Embryonic Membrane (Decidiia). — Group 

 of the Indecidua and of the Deciduata. — The Formation of the 

 Decidna (vera, serotina, refiexa) in Man and in Apes. — Eighteenth 

 Stage: Semi-apes {Prosimice). — Nineteenth Stage : Tailed Apes 

 {Menocerca). — Twentieth Stage : Man-like Apes (Anthropoides'). — - 

 Speechless and Speaking Men (ilfali.- Homines) ,„ ... 140 



CHAPTER XX. 



THE HISTORY OF THE EVOLUTION OP THE EPIDERMIS AND 

 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



Animal and Vegetative Orgau-systems- — Original Relations of these to 

 the Two Primary Germ-layers. — Sensory Apparatus. — Constituents 

 of Sensory Apparatus : originally only the Exoderm, or Skin-layer j 

 afterwards, the Skin-covering specialized from the Nerve-system. 

 — Double Function of the Skin (as a Covering and as Organ of 



