116 INTEODUCTION. 



generally distributed over France and tlie Spanish 

 Peninsula, becoming gradually more local and scai'cer 

 east of the Rhine, and not extending into Russia nor 

 south of the Alps. 



As Eastern forms we may regard Bovihinatorigrieus, 

 Biifo rlriji.s, and Uava arralis, which do not extend 

 to Belgium and France, although in North Africa 

 llnfo riridis reaches the Atlantic coast of Morocco, 

 liana ranipranl (Caucasus, Armenia, North-west 

 Persia), and Hana graeca (Greece, Bosnia, Italy). 

 reluliatps fnsoiK is characteristic of Central Europe. 



I'ouihiiiator jiiic^i^ypus and liana ariUia have an exten- 

 sive but somewhat irregular distribution, being absent 

 from the north and north-east and the Pyrenean 

 Peninsula.* 



Three species have a very restricted range, viz. 

 AlijicH cisfi'viiasii (Pyrenean Peninsula), B.ana iherica 

 (Pyreneari Peninsula), and Bava, Intasfii (Italy). 



Bana tevipnraria may be regarded as a northern 

 species, reaching tlie extreme north and disappearing. 

 Of confined to the mountains, in the south ; whilst 

 Buna, e^iciili'iihi and Hijla arhonui extend very far 

 south, and are absent from the extreme north. 



With regard to the range from north to south, the 

 twentj' species may be classed in the following order : 



Nortbern limit. 



1. BaiHi tc)ii2'>orai-ia 70° 



2. Bnfo nilgaris .65 



3. Bana a-rpali.f; 60 



, f. j Jiaua csiutlrnfa 59 



' ''■[Pelohatcs fiisrvs . . 59 



J /.'/(/() rlriilii< . .... 58 



' 'VJ'iiifo ealamifa . . . . 58 



8. Hjila arharca, . 57 



9. Botnhiiiator iijvrns 56 



10. Bomhinaiar parJii/jiiis 53 



11 1 o /-^////fs nbsh'frlraiis 52 



' "^' [Bana a{/ili.s 52 



13. BelaiJijIes pinictohis . ... 51 



