]30 xcvii. GBNTiANACEJ!. (O.B.Clarke.) [Halenia^. 



Branches 2-5 in., much divided. Leaves 1| by J in., petiole 0-lj in. Pedicels- 

 1-3 in., ultimately rigid, thickened upwards. Sepals f-^ in., narrowly oblong, aeute- 

 or subobtuse. GoroUa-lohes \-^ by J-| in., obtuse ; pit less than ^ the breadth of the- 

 lobe, deep, without a scale but partially closed by the fimbriae all round the margin. 

 /Si!J5'»zas sessile. Capsule ^ hj \ in. jSe«(fe ^ in., ellipsoid, black ; testa close, smooth, 

 minutely reticulate. 



13. HAXiEirXA. 



Annual or perennial erect herbs. Leaves opposite. Cymes axillary an4 

 forming a lax terminal panicle. Calyx sub-4-partite, segments lanceolate. 

 Corolla campanulate, 4-fid more than half-way down, pits at the base of the- 

 lobes produced into a long spur (in the Indian species). Stamens 4, attached 

 near the base of the corolla, filaments linear complanate ; anthers ovate or 

 obloiig, versatile. Ovary 1-ceIled, placentas broad; style sbort, cylindric>. 

 stigmas small oblong or linear. Capsule sessUe, ovate, carpels separating nearly 

 to the base. Seeds ellipsoid (fewer and larger than in most Ophelias) smooth,, 

 testa close yellow.^Species 25 (probably reducible to 15) ; Mts. of India, 

 Central Asia and America. 



1. K. elliptica, D. Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 529; leaves elliptic 

 subobtuse 6-nerved, spurs linear nearly as long as the petals. Griseh. Oentian, 

 326, and in DC. Prddr. ix. 129. Swertia centrostemma, Wall. Cat. 4385. S, 

 peloria, Griff. Itin. Notes, 197. 



Tempeeate Himalaya, alt. 6-12,000 ft., from Kashmir to Bhotan, frequent. 



Stem l-2i in. Cauline leaves 1 by |- in. (in Don's type) to 2J by f in. and acute ; 

 lower in large examples often petioled. Sepals J in., usually acute. Corolla, pale-blue; 

 spurs I to ^ in., patent, tip often upourved. Style hardly ^^ in. Capsule ^— j in. 

 Seed,s i in. and upwards, with a concavity at the hilum. — The western small form' 

 with elliptic subobtuse leaves was D. Don's type ; but large Sikkim examples with 

 acute leaves appear to pass into H. Sibirica (Swertia eorniculata, Linn. ; Pall. Fl. 

 Ross. ii. 99, t. 90, fig. 1), and, if this be admitted, the range of the species extends 

 through Dahuria, N. China, and Siberia to N. America. 



2. K. Ferrottetii, Griseh. in DC. Prodr. ix. 129 ; leaves ovate or 

 elliptic acute 5-nerved lower spathulate or petioled, spurs linear-oblong hardly 

 half as long as the petals. Wight III. t. 157, and Ic. t. 1334. 



Nii.GHEBEiES, alt. 6-8000 ft. ; plentiful. 



Closely resembling H. elliptica. Style rather longer, stigmas sublinear. Seeds 

 i in., i.e. considerably smaller. 



14. nXEITYAXTTKZSS, Linn. 



Perennial herbs ; rootstock creeping or floating. Leaves alternate, long- 

 petioled, 3-foliolate in the Indian species. Peduncles long, scape-like ; flowers 

 white or blueish, subracemose; pedicels 1-bracteate or naked, S^ah 5, oblong- 

 lanceolate. Corolla shortly funnel-shaped, 6-fid half way down ; lobes fimbriate-- 

 or crested within, induplieate valvate in bud. Stamens 5, on the corolla-tube, 

 filaments linear ; anthers sagittate, versatile. Ovary 1-celled, placentse shortly 

 intruded ; style long, linear, stigmas 2 small. Capsule globose, shortly 2-valve(l 

 from the apex, carpels splitting down the back. Seeds many, lenticular, 

 shining, yellow, smooth.— Species 2, in the N. Temperate and Subarctic zones. 



1. nX, trifoliata, Linn. ; Griseh. Gentian. 340, and in DC. Prodr. ix.. 

 137; leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets elliptic or oblong obtuse entire or obscurely 

 wavy. Lamh. III. t. 100, fig. 1 ; Engl. Lot. t, 495 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iv. 64 ^ 

 JBenil. & Trim. Med. PI. t. 184. 



