20 The Diseases of Animals 
size of the animals. For small cows of the dairy type 
the length of stall from the manger to edge of gutter 
should be from fifty-six to sixty-two inches; and for 
the larger beef breeds seventy-two inches. The floor- 
ing of the stalls should be planks, well matched, run- 
ning lengthwise of the stall and having a slight incline 
to the rear. The gutter behind the stall should be 
from four to five inches deep and about fifteen inches 
wide. The edge of the gutter next to the stall should 
be vertical; otherwise animals are lable to ship when 
stepping on it. 
The width of the stall should vary, according to the 
size of the animal, from thirty-eight to forty-five inches. 
There should be a partition extending far enough back 
to keep the animals from fighting each other and from 
turning crosswise of the stall so as to interfere with 
the neighboring animal or to soil the adjoining stall. 
In the narrower stalls for mileh cows, it is an excel- 
lent plan to have the partition hinged near the cow’s 
shoulder, so that the rear portion can be unhooked and 
swung aside or raised to give more room for the milker. 
The manger should be as low as convenient, and 
should be so divided that the food of each animal is 
kept in a separate compartment. In the stabling of 
cows, each animal should have her own stall assigned 
to her, and she should not be shifted from place to 
place. 
Cows are fastened in stalls in various ways. Some 
of the swinging or chain stanchions give good satisfac- 
tion. An excellent method is merely to stretch a chain 
across the rear of the stall. This is a cheap and effi- 
