Training Dogs 35 
THE BREAKING OF DOGS FOR FARM PURPOSES 
The essentials to a good trainer of dogs are: (1) An 
interest in the animal; (2) a knowledge of what is 
required; (3) good judgment and patience. It is an 
excellent plan to have an older and well-broken dog 
to assist in the training, as dogs are imitative. The 
puppy quickly learns what is wanted by association 
with the older dog. In breaking dogs to handle stock, 
it is also a great advantage to have stock that is used 
to being driven by a dog, upon which to break the puppy. 
Stock that is not used to a dog is often easily frightened, 
or it may fight the dog. If a puppy is hurt or gets into 
a notion of chasing stock, bad habits may be formed 
that are difficult to overcome. 
The first essential in breaking a dog for any purpose 
is to teach him to mind. Dogs are intelligent and 
affectionate animals, and are usually gratified to do 
the will of the master. If possible, an animal should 
be broken to mind without fear of punishment. When 
a dog obeys and does the required task, he should be 
rewarded by a word, caress or bit of something to eat. 
When it is necessary to punish a dog for disobedience, 
the trainer should be sure that the animal understands 
what is wanted, and if he refuses to do the task he 
should be punished judiciously — the punishment de- 
pending largely on the uature and disposition of the 
dog. Dogs of a sensitive organization must be pun- 
ished cautiously; it is usually a good plan to shut the 
dog up alone after punishment and allow him to think 
it ever. A mistake that is commonly made by novices 
