272 The Diseases of Animals 
be made by inserting the oiled arm into the rectum. In 
a few cases the obstacle can be felt and removed. 
When an obstruction of this kind is suspected, copious 
enemas, mild purgatives, such as raw linseed oil, or 
small doses of Epsom or Glauber’s salts, can be given, 
with plenty of water to drink and fluid food, as gruels, 
etc. Hair-balls in the rumen of cattle can be removed 
by the surgical operation known as rumenotomy (see 
“Tmpaction of Rumen” page 260). 
INTUSSUSCEPTION, OR INVAGINATION OF THE BOWEL 
In this form of obstruction, the bowel slips inside 
itself Treatment is not satisfactory. Purgatives and 
copious enemas of warm water are used. Inserting the 
arm into the rectum and manipulating the large intes- 
tine with a sweeping movement of the hand and arm 
may straighten it. 
VOLVULUS, TWISTING OF THE BOWEL, “GUT-TIE” 
In this trouble, the bowel becomes twisted on itself 
in such a way as to obstruct the passage of its contents. 
The treatment is the same as for intussusception, but 
nearly all cases are fatal. 
INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS, OR ENTERITIS 
Inflammation of the bowels is a severe and usually 
fatal disease caused by some irritant, such as undi- 
gested food, irritating poisons, stoppage of the bowels, 
or injury to the walls. Colic, indigestion, volvulus 
