292 The Diseases of Animals 
* DUMMIES ” 
When hydrocephalus develops in adult horses, the 
animals gradually lose their mental powers and are 
commonly called “dummies.” Such animals are often 
traded off as soon as the owner suspects the difficulty. 
While standing, the horse seems to be asleep, rest- 
ing the head on the manger; the eyes are partially closed 
and the legs often crossed, or one foot rests on the 
opposite one. When eating, the horse appears to go 
to sleep with the food in his mouth, and, in drinking, 
usually plunges his head to the bottom of the trough, 
withdrawing it only to get breath. In moving, the 
horse lifts the feet high, and in backing drags them 
along the ground. He comprehends but little, and it 
is with difficulty that he can be made to work. 
He may be subject to “fits ” especially when exercised 
violently. 
Good care and good food are needed, when treat- 
ment is attempted. Iodide of potash in dram doses 
may be given once daily for a few days, then withheld 
for a week, then repeated. A “dummy” is of little 
value, searcely worth treating. 
TETANUS, OR “LOCK-JAW ” 
This disease produces a contraction of some or all 
of the voluntary muscles of the body, associated with 
an excited condition of the nervous system. It occurs 
in horses and mules, rarely in other animals. It also 
attacks man. 
