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ticks, which fasten themselves to the skin; and the 
mites, which either burrow into the skin or live under 
crusts on the surface. Lice vary in size from minute 
white specks to some of the large bird lice, that may 
be one-third of an inch long. 
The eggs of the lice, commonly called “nits,” are 
small white ovoid bodies attached to the hairs or 
feathers. Lice are exceedingly prolific. It has been 
estimated that under favorable conditions a pair of the 
louse of the human head can produce at the third gen- 
eration (in about twelve weeks’ time) an aggrevate of 
125,000 individuals ! 
The first symptom of louse infestation is itching of 
the skin around the point of attack. On most animals, 
the pests first appear in the region of the neck. On eat- 
tle they are most frequently found along the back, and 
on pigs just back of the ears. Lice are not. contined to 
auy region, however, occurring on any part of the body 
that is protected by hair or feathers. Any irritation of 
the skin, such as sweating, increases the itching. To 
relieve this, animals rub themselves against convenient 
objects, lick or scratch themselves with the feet or horns, 
aud, in the case of fowls, with the bill. Lice of the 
biting kind often produce small, irritated spots, like 
pimples, on the skin. 4A careful and thorough examina- 
tion of the animal, in a good light, will reveal the in- 
sects, as well as the eggs or “nits ” attached to the hairs. 
Animals suffering from lice usually present an unthrifty 
appearance, with ragged, dull hair or plumage, and 
dirty skin. ‘ 
In treating lousy animals which are confined, the 
