Flukes in the Liver 341 
appear gradually and increase in severity until the 
animal dies from general emaciation. 
The first symptom noticed is that the animal is out 
of condition; the skin and mucous membranes are pale, 
the hair or wool is dry or rough, the appetite is lost, 
and the animal drinks large quantities of water. Drop- 
sical swellings appear in dependent parts of the body. 
The bowels may be constipated or there may be profuse 
diarrhea. These symptoms become more aggravated 
until death takes place. 
Microscopie examination of the discharges from the 
bowels will often reveal large numbers of the eggs. 
After death, the liver is found to contain diseased, 
yellowish nodules, each of which contains one of the 
flat, ovoid flukes. 
The most satisfactory treatment is to prevent the 
disease by removing the animals to uninfested pastures, 
especially to those which are high and dry, and allowing 
them only pure fresh water. In the early stages of 
the trouble, an abundance of nutritious, easily-digested 
food will do much to assist in overcoming it. Salting 
the animals daily with a mixture of one part sulfur 
to six parts of common salt is also good. Medicines, 
except in the way of tonics, are of little value in the 
treatment of this disease. 
BLOOD-WORMS OF 'THE HORSE 
In the arteries which supply the intestines with blood 
there are frequently found dilations, or pouches, which 
are caused by the presence of small round worms 
