Intestinal Worms 347 
after the animal has fasted. Animals to be treated 
should be confined in a yard until after the worms have 
been expelled, and no uninfested animals should be 
allowed on the ground until it has been thoroughly 
disinfected. It is seldom advisable to treat very weak 
and debilitated lambs. When the whole of the tape- 
worm has been expelled, the small, tapering head-end of 
the worm can be found in the discharges if a careful 
examination is made. The upper drawing in Fig. 53 
shows the general appearance of the head of a 
tape- worm. 
For tape-worms in dogs, give pulverized areca nut, 
about two grains for every pound weight; or the 
ethereal extract of male-shield fern, in one - half 
dram doses combined with an ounce of castor oil, 
for average sized dog. An excellent remedy for all in- 
testinal worms in dogs, and especially the round-worms, 
is a mixture of 
Turpentine ........ 1 part 
Piné=tar- 28 als) a we oh wells ee we 8 parts 
Raw linseed oil eens a % 8 parts 
The tar should be “eut” with the turpentine and theu 
thoroughly mixed with the oil. The dose is from one 
to four ounces, depending on the size and age of the 
animal. It is to be given on an empty stomach, after 
the animal has fasted from eighteen to twenty-four 
hours. Food and water are to be withheld for four 
to six hours after the medicine has been given. 
In giving medicines containing oil, great care must 
be taken to prevent choking. Small animals should be 
