Vaccinating for Blackleg 367 
or a piece of string saturated with the material: either 
of which is to be inserted beneath the skin with special 
instruments made for the purpose. The powdered vac- 
cine, which is the kind generally used, requires to be 
mixed with water, filtered, and injected beneath the skin 
by means of a hypodermie syringe. Fig. 55. The 
powdered vaccine is put up in little ten- and 
twenty-five-dose packages, the number of 
doses being indicated on the wrapper. 
In preparing the vaceine and using it, 
care must be taken that the instruments 
and the other accessories are absolutely 
clean and sterilized. In using the double 
vaceine, the powder is first placed in a 
little porcelain mortar and some clean boiled 
water measured out, a few drops of which 
are added to the vaccine, which is thoroughly 
ground into a very fine paste in the mortar. 
After this is done, the remainder of the 
boiled and cooled water is added, one cubic 
centimeter for each dose of vaccine. The 
mixture is then filtered through filter-paper pig 55. typo- 
or cotton placed in a sterile glass funnel, dermic syringe 
and is then ready for use. The syringe is ‘* “**cmatms 
filled with the vaccine, and one cubic centimeter is in- 
jected beneath the skin of each animal over eight 
months old;, under eight months, the dose should be 
graduated according to the size of the animal. 
The safest place to inject the vaccine is on the under 
side of the tail about four inches from the tip, although 
some vaccines may be injected beneath the skin of the 
