124 



Bird Studies. 



dish brown. They are nearly seven tenths of an inch long and more than 

 half an inch broad. 



The birds are found in the Eastern United States, but are rare east of 

 Central New York and the Alleghany Mountains. They range as far north 

 as Southern Ontario, and west to the Plains. They breed from West Vir- 

 ginia, Tennessee, and Kansas north to Southern Ontario and Minnesota, and 

 winter in Central America. 



In the spring migration this is one of the most strikingly variegated of 



the Warblers, arresting the attention at once by its conspicuous coloring. 



The crown is bluish slate, and has a narrow white border 



Magnolia Warbler, gn each side. The forehead is black, which color extends 



Dendroica maculosa (Gmel.). 



to and below and back of the eyes on the side of the face, 

 gradually becoming broader till this color covers most of the side of the head. 

 The upper back is black, changing into olive green with black markings 

 showing" through. The lower parts, throat, and rump are bright yellow, the 

 breast and 



sides con- ' 



spicuously 

 striped with 

 black. The 

 tail is black. 

 The two 

 central fea- 

 thers are un- 

 marked, the 

 others have 

 broad white 

 markings on 

 their inner 

 webs, leav- 

 ing the ter- 

 minal third 



and bases of these feathers clear black. The feathers below the tail are 

 white, and there is a white patch on each wing. The female is at the same 

 season duller, with its markings less- sharply defined. Individuals taken in the 

 fall are slaty gray on the head, olive green on the back, yellow on the rump, 



BLACK AND YELLOW WARBLER. IMMATURE BIRD IN AUTUMN. 



