298 Bird Studies. 



tense and extended area of yellow below. The shading of the flanks and sides 

 is darker and the black across the forehead and on the sides of the face is 

 broader, with a wider edging of paler gray behind it. 



It is a bird of the scrub palmetto, but also affects damp, swampy places, 

 brackish bushy marshes, and the vicinity of cypress ponds. Its general 

 habits and nesting economy are similar to those of its near relative. 



This bird, which has been known to ornithologists for sixty-five years, 

 having been described from specimens taken near Charleston, South Caro- 



Swainson's War- ^^"^' ^" ^^^^' ^^^ ^°'' ^ ^°"S *^"^^ ^^^^ ^°^^ ^^^^^ °^' ^"^ 

 bier. has only been found again in recent years. It is now 



Heiinaia swainsonii Aud. known to bc a rathcr common bird in portions of the 

 South Atlantic and Gulf States, especially in the regions near where the 

 original types were secured. It breeds locally, where it occurs throughout 

 its United States range, and winters in the West Indies and Central America. 



During three weeks in April which I spent at Dry Tortugas, Florida, the 

 bird was recorded three times, one individual being found in the early morn-' 

 ing, sitting on the bureau in the room where I slept. It had come in through 

 the open window during the night or very early morning. 



The birds are about five inches long, heavily built, and are a peculiar 

 shade of olive brown above, including wings and tail. The top of the head 

 is chestnut reddish brown, and there is a yellowish white stripe over the eye. 

 The lower parts are obscure buffy white, grayer on the sides and flanks. 



Swainson's Warbler is a bird of swampy thickets and cane-brakes and 

 lives on or near the ground. It builds, in tangles of vines, near or over the 

 water in such localities. The nest, usually ten to fifteen feet from the 

 ground, is composed of leaves and lined with fine roots and pine needles. 

 The eggs, three to four in number, are faint bluish white, three quarters of 

 an inch long'and nearly three fifths of an inch in their other diameter. 



* 

 There is a bird that is very much like the Red-eyed Vireo, living for 

 the greater part of the year in the salt water mangrove swamps of the Florida 



Black-whiskered ^^^^' ^^ ''^ ^^^ Black-whiskered Vireo, so called from a 



Vireo. dusky streak that extends from the corner of the mouth 



Vireo caiidris barbatuius down the sides of the throat. The birds are about the 



(Cab.). gg^j^g gj^e as the Red-eyed Vireo and similar ia color, but 



