THE GRASSHOPPER. 15 



5. Study one of the front legs in the same way. 

 Note especially the foot. State how the front leg dif- 

 fers from the hind one. Draw. 



6. In how many ways can a grasshopper travel? 

 What difference, in the use of the front legs and the 

 hind legs? 



7. Remove the legs and wings and draw the tho- 

 rax, as seen from the side. As seen from below. 



The Abdomen. 



1. Locate the tergum, which is the upper or dorsal 

 side of the body ; the sternum , which is the ventral or 

 lower side ; and the pleurum, which is the lateral part 

 between the sternum and the tergum. See the two 

 grooves along the sides. 



2. Count the segments of the abdomen. The last 

 two do not go entirely around. 



3. Find spiracles, or breathing holes, along the 

 upper edge of the side grooves. How many? 



4. Find the ear, on the first ring of the abdomen, 

 under the wings. Is there a spiracle on this segment 

 also? 



5. If your specimen is a female, find the ovipositor, 

 consisting of four parts, at the end of the abdomen. 

 Draw. 



If your specimen is a male, the end of the abdo- 

 men will be blunt and you will find two hooks (cerci) 

 above it. Draw. 



6. How many segments in the abdomen? How 

 many in the thorax? How many pairs of paired ap- 

 pendages on the head? If each pair of appendages 

 indicates a segment, how many segments in the head? 

 How many segments make up the entire body? 



7. Draw a side view of the entire grasshopper. 



8. You ought now to have a drawing of the whole 

 grasshopper, two views of the thorax, two views of the 



