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INTRODUCTION TO ZOOLOGY. 



complicated organs and life processes that it is impos- 

 sible to think of in connection with the structure of 

 a hair. It would take a long while for a hair to get a 

 stomach, a nervous system, and reproductive organs. 



Make a table of differences between the earthworm 

 and the caterpillar. 



Caterpillar. 



Earthworm. 



Breathing organs.. 



Jaws 



Feet 



Eyes 



Antennae 



Reproduction 



We see from this table that it is very incorrect to 

 speak of a caterpillar as a worm. 



THE STARFISH. 



The branch to which the starfish belongs has no rep- 

 resentative on the land or in fresh waters. If it is to be 

 studied, specimens must be procured from the seashore. 



1. Find the arms. Find the disk, which is the 

 part of the body from which the arms radiate. Find, 

 on the upper surface, the madreporic body, which is 

 small and white or red. Notice also the spines. Look 

 closely around the base of the spines for the pedicel- 

 laria. Draw the upper surface. 



2. On the lower surface, look for the mouth in the 

 center. Are the spines around the mouth just like the 

 other spines? 



3. In the middle of each arm, find the ambulacra! 

 furrow, or groove. Find in this groove the ambu- 

 lacral suckers, or tube feet. How many? How ar- 

 ranged? 



