THE FRUIT 



187 



Fig. 139. Winged Fruits. 

 I, elm; II, maple. 



224. The Legume. — A legume is a one-celled pod 

 formed by the maturing of a simple pistil, which dehisces 

 along both of its sutures, as already seen in the case of 

 the bean pod, and illus- 

 trated in Fig. 146. 



225. The Capsule. — 

 The dehiscent fruit 

 formed by the ripening 

 of a compound pistil is 

 called a capsule. Such a 

 fruit may be one-celled, 

 as in the linear pod of 

 the celandine (Fig. 146), 

 or several-celled, as in 

 the fruit of the poppy, 

 the morning-glory, and the jimson weed (Fig. 146). 



226. Dry Fruits and Fleshy Fruits In all the cases 



discussed or described in Sects. 222-225, the wall of the 



ovary (and the adherent calyx 

 when present) ripens into tis- 

 sues which are somewhat hard 

 and dry. Often, however, 

 these parts become developed 

 into a juicy or fleshy mass by 

 which the seed is surrounded ; 

 hence a general division of 

 fruits into dry fruits and fleshy 

 fruits. 



227. The Stone-Fruit. — In 

 the peach, apricot, plum, and 

 cherry, the pericarp or wall of the ovary, during the 

 process of ripening, becomes converted into two kinds of 



Fig. 140. Longitudinal 

 Section of a Peach. 



