378 



ESSENTIALS OF BOTANY 



Sperm cells, *165, 224-285*. 



Sperm nucleus, 166. 



Spike, App. I, *358. 



Spine, 123-125*. 



Spirogyra, type study, 219-223*. 



Sporangium, *281. 



Spore, 211, *221, *226, *236, *237, 

 *248, *249, *251, *253, *256, *257, 

 *262, *281, *297, *301. 



Spore-capsules, *271, *273. 



Spore-cases, *281, »301. 



Spore-plants, 210-294*. 



Spore-plants, classes of, 210. 



Sporophyll, 286, 302, 307. 



Sporophyte, »273, *275, *281, *284, 

 *286, *289. 



Spruce, fertilized ovule of, *302. 



Squash seed, 4-5*. 



Squash seed, section, *5. 



Squash seedling, 28, 24. 



Stamen, *148, *153. 



Stamen, parts of, *153. 



Standard, *150. 



Starch, 15-18*, 82, 138-140. 



Starch disappears during germina- 

 tion, 18. 



Starch food for man, 333, 334. 



Starch in leaves, 138, 139. 



Starch, testing seed for, 15, 16. 



Stem, 49-85*. 



Stem, definition of, 49. 



Stem, dicotyledonous, annual, gross 

 structure of, 67-69*. 



Stem, dicotyledonous, minute struc- 

 ture of, 69, 70. 



Stem, early history of, *71. 



Stem, functions of cellg of, 77, 78. 



Stem, monocotyledonous, *65, 66, 

 67. 



Stem, structure of, 65-74*. 



Stem-structure, early history of, 71- 



73*. 

 Stemless plants, *55, 56. 

 Stems, 49-85*. 



Stems, climbing, *56, *57, 58. 

 Stems, storage of food in, 82-85. 

 Stems, twining, *57, 58. 

 Sterigmata, *262. 

 Sterilization, 241-243. 

 Stigma, *154. 



Stigma, structure of, *164, *165. 

 Stinging hair, *126. 

 Stipe, *228, 229. 

 Stipules, *100, *101. 

 Stomata, *128, *129, 130, 132, 133. 

 Stomata, operation of, 132, 133. 

 Stone-fruit, «187. 

 Storage of food in the root, 37-39. 

 Storage of food in the stem, 82, 83. 

 Strawberry, *189. 

 Struggle for existence, 200-205. 

 Style, *153, *165. 

 Sugar, 11. 



Sugar beet, breeding, 311-313. 

 Sugar, food for man, 334, 335. 

 Sugar, formed during germination, 



11. 

 Sundew, 119-121*. 

 Superior, 155, *156. 

 Supernumerary buds, 89. 

 Survival of the fittest, 205, 206. 

 Sweet pea, flowers, *150. 

 Symmetry of flowers, 150. 

 Sympetalous, 151. 

 Synsepalous, 151. 



Tangelo, *320. 

 Tanning materials, 340. 

 Taper-pointed, App. I, *356. 

 Taproot, *34. 



