166 KEY AND FLORA 



I. PSEDERA Neck. (PARTHENOCISSTJS) 



Woody vines, climbing by tendrils and rootlets. Leaves 

 palmately compound. Flowers in compound cymes, perfect 

 or somewhat monoecious. Petals 5, distinct, spreading ; disk 

 none. Stamens 5. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled. Fruit a 1-4- 

 seeded berry, not edible.* 



1. P. quinquefolia Greene. Woodbine, Virginia Creeper. Stem 

 smooth. Leaflets dull green, paler below ; tendrils 5-12-branched, 

 most of the branches ending in disks which cling to supporting 

 objects. Flowers panicled, the main branches of the cluster unequal. 

 Fruit hardly fleshy. Thickets, common. 



2. P. vitacea Greene. Woodbine, Virginia Creeper. Stem 

 smooth or slightly downy. Leaflets deep green above, not much 

 paler below ; tendrils 2-5-branched, the branches usually without 

 disks at the tips. Flower cluster forking regularly, the main 

 branches nearly equal. Fruit more fleshy than in No. 1. jMoist 

 woods and thickets in deep, rich soil ; common. 



3. P. tricuspidata Rehder. Japanese Ivy, Boston Ivy. A freely 

 branching, hardy climber. Tendrils numerous, branching with closely 

 adhesive disks. Leaves occasionally with 3 leaflets, but usually with 

 only one, which is jointed with the main petiole and in autumn falls 

 before the petiole ; leaflet 3-lobed or only scalloped, roundish-ovate or 

 heart-shaped, rather thick and shining. Cultivated from Japan. 



n. VITIS L. 



Climbing woody vines. Stems with enlarged joints, climb- 

 ing by tendrils opposite some of the leaves. Leaves simple, 

 palmately veined or lobed ; stipules small, soon deciduous. 

 Flowers mostly somewhat monoecious or dioecious. Petals 

 often united at the apex and not expanding. Stamens in- 

 serted between the lobes of the disk. Ovary usually 2-celled, 

 4-ovuled. Fruit juicy, 1-4-seeded.* 



1. V. labrusca L. Fox Grape. Stems climbing high, often 1 ft. 

 or more in diameter ; bark shreddy, coming oif in long strips ; young 

 branches woolly. Leaves broadly heart-shaped, more or less deeply 

 3-5-lobed, mucronate-dentate, very woolly when young, becoming 

 smooth above. Panicles of pistillate flowers compact, of staminate 

 flowers looser. Fruit about i in. in diameter, dark purple or some- 

 times nearly white. In rich woods E., S., and S.W. Many of the 

 cultivated varieties, such as Concord, Niagara, etc., have been devel- 

 oped from this species.* 



