DOGWOOD FAMILY 175 



involucre. Calyx teeth wanting. Fruit oval, very flat, with a 

 thin wing; oil tubes single, running the whole length. 



1. P. sativa L. CoM:\rox Parsmp. Cultivated from Europe for 

 its large, conical, sweet and edible roots. Also introduced in waste 

 places. 



X. HERACLEUM L. 



A Stout perennial, with the very large leaves compound in 

 threes. Umbels large, compound, with the involucels many- 

 leaved. Petals white, inversely heart-shaped, the outer ones 

 usually 2-cleft and larger. Calyx with 5 small teeth. Fruit 

 tipped with a thick, conical enlargement of the style, with 

 three blunt ribs on the outer surface of each carpel and a large 

 oil tube in each' interval between the ribs. Seeds fiat. 



1. H. lanatum i\Iichx. Cnw Parsnip. Stem grooved and ^TOolly, 

 4-8 ft. high. Leaflets petioled, broad, deeply and irregularly toothed. 



XI. DAUCUS L. 



Annual or biennial, bristly-hairy herbs. Leaves pinnately 

 twice or more compound, the divisions slender. Umbels com- 

 pound, many-rayed. Flowers small, white. Calyx teeth slen- 

 der or wanting. Petals notched, the point bent inward, often 

 unequal. Fruit ovoid or ellipsoid, with rows of spines. 



1. D. Carota L. Common Carrot. Erect, 1—3 ft. high, with a 

 conical, fleshy, orangey-colored root. Lower and basal leaves 2-3- 

 pinnate. Central flower of each umbel and sometimes of each um- 

 bellet larger and very dark purple, with the corolla irregular. Cul- 

 tivated from Europe for the edible roots ; also introduced in pastures 

 and meadows and along roadsides E. 



74. CORNACE.S;. Dogwood Family 



Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs. Leaves opposite or alternate, 

 without stipules. Flowers small, actinomorphic, variously 

 clustered. Limb of the calyx epigynous, very short. Petals 

 4-5, borne on the margin of a disk on top of the ovary. 

 Stamens 4-5, inserted with the petals. Ovary 1-4-celled, with 

 one ovule in each cell ; style 1. Fruit (in our species) a 1-2- 

 celled and 1-2-seeded drupe. 



