234 EUPHROSYNE FOLIOSA. 



The genus Euphrosyne of the family AmphinomaB was established by Savigny in his 

 ' Systeme des Annelides ' (1820) for two species (E. laureata and E. myrtosa) from the 

 Red Sea. Briefly his description is as follows : — Mouth with a simple unarmed proboscis. 

 Eyes distinct, two in number, separated in front by the caruncle. Antennae incomplete, 

 the middle and exterior absent, the unpaired subulate. Feet slightly separated, but each 

 division provided with bristles having a minute denticle near the tip. Cirri nearly equal ; 

 an additional one resembling the others inserted at the upper extremity of each dorsal 

 division. The last pair of feet forming two small globular cirri. Branchiae situated 

 immediately behind the feet, extend from the dorsal to the ventral division, and 

 consist of seven separate arborescent tufts arranged transversely. Head very narrow 

 and much produced (tres rejete) posteriorly, split into two lobes in conformity with the 

 feet ventrally, and provided dorsally with a depressed caruncle which is prolonged to the 

 fourth or fifth segment. The body is oblong or ovate-oblong, with comparatively few 

 segments. 



Lamarck adopted the foregoing views in the classification of the group. 



Audouin and Milne Edwards followed Savigny in regard to the systematic position 

 and description of the genus, and gave an account of a new species (E. foliosa) from the 

 shores of France. 



Grube, Ehlers, and subsequent authors made little change in the characters attributed 

 to the Euphrosynidae. 



The Euphrosynidae frequent both the littoral region and comparatively deep water, 

 a distribution that characterises both foreign and British species. Thus Euphrosyne 

 foliosa is diagnostic of the tidal rocks of the Channel Islands, while the other species 

 have been procured only by the dredge. They extend to the American shores. 



1. Euphrosyne foliosa, Audouin and Edwards, 1834. Plate XXIV, fig. 3. 



Specific Characters. — Caruncle extending to the anterior part of the fifth segment, 

 with a filiform tentacle in front between the dorsal eyes. Branchiae much branched, 

 with ovate expansions at the tip. The middle cirrus between the fourth and fifth 

 branchial stems. Bristles longer than the branchiae, which are from eight to nine in 

 number. The serrated bristles have the longer fork peculiarly curved towards the tip. 

 Segments thirty-one to thirty-five. 



Synonyms. 



1833. Euphrosina foliosa, Audouin and M. Edwards. Ann. d. Sc. Nat., vol. xxviii, p. 201, pi. ix, 



figs. 1 — 15. 



18 34. u „ Ibid. Litt. de la France, vol. ii, p. 126, pi. ii, b, figs. 1—4. 

 1836-7. „ „ Cuv. Reg. An., Crochard's Edit., tab. viii, fig. 2. 



1840. Euphrosyne foliosa, Grube. Actin., Echinod., &c., p. 84. 



I 841 - » ,, Belle Chiaje. Descrizione, Tav. 62, Tab. 139, figs. 6—8. 



„ Lophonota Audouinii, Costa. Ann. d. Sc. Nat. (2), vol. xvi, p. 270, pi. xiii, fig. 1. 

 1849. Euphrosyne foliosa, W. Thompson. Ann Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. .hi, p. 355. 



