EUPHROSYNE FOLIOSA. 235 



J 851. Euphrosyne foliosa, Grube. Fam. der Annel., pp. 41 and 122. 



1853. „ „ P. H. G-osse. Ann. Nat. Hist., 2 ser, vol. xii, p. 384. 



1863. „ mediterranea, Grube. Archiv f. Naturges., 1863, i, p. 38, pi. iv, fig. 2. 



1864. „ foliosa, Ehlers. Die Borstenw., p. 65. 



„ „ racemosa, Ehlers. Die Borstenw., p. 67, Taf. i, figs. 1 — 11. 



1865. „ foliosa, Johnston. Cat., p. 126. 



33 33 39 De Quatrefages. Hist. Nat. Anneles, p. 408. 



1868. „ „ Baird. Proceed. Linn. Soc, vol. x, p. 237 (1870). 



1870. „ „ Grube. Archiv f. Naturges., 1870, p. 304. 



1875. ,, Audouini, Marion and Bobretzky. Ann. Sc. Nat., 1875, p. 10. 



1876. „ foliosa, Mcintosh. Trans. Z. S., vol. ix, p. 273. 



1884. „ Audouinii (Claparede), V. Cams. Fauna? Medit., p. 207. 



1888. „ foliosa, St. Joseph. Ann. d. Sc. Nat. (7), vol. v, p. 190. 



1896. „ Audouini, Kacovitza. Arch. Zool. Exp., p. 186, pis. i et xi, figs. 7 — 13. 



Habitat. — Belfast Bay, Hyndman; Weymouth, Grosse. Plentiful under stones near 

 the border of low water mark at Herm, Lankester, Mcintosh, Hornell. Off the 

 Hebrides, Gwyn Jeffreys. Birterbury Bay, Connemara, fifteen fathoms, Gwyn Jeffreys, 

 Haddon. Arran Isles and Bay of Galway, E. P. Wright. Off Marsden, co. Durham, 

 twenty to thirty fathoms, A. M. Norman. 



It was discovered in European waters by Audouin and Milne Edwards, viz., on a 

 bank of oysters and Anoinira between Granville and Chausey in fifteen fathoms, and on 

 a small bank of the same kind at St. Malo. Ranges to the Mediterranean, where it 

 occurs at considerable depths. 



Colour. — Some of those from Herm are of a very fine deep reddish orange on the 

 dorsum, the branchial processes being of this colour. Ehlers describes his E. racemosa 

 as of an intense red (" zwischen orange und ziunoberfarben "). Others, again, were quite 

 greyish, or of an earthy hue. The under surface is either pinkish or pale flesh-colour. 

 They tinge spirit brick-red. Gosse's example from Weymouth was of a bright cinnamon- 

 red, with the median ventral line purplish. Milne Edwards' example seems to have 

 been vividly tinted of a fine cinnabar colour, very marked on the branchiae, and 

 mingled with yellow and green on the dorsum. The cirri were yellow, with a band of 

 red in the middle; while the caruncle was of a vivid red. The pinkish ventral surface 

 had a median band of vivid red. 



The head is wedged between the anterior segments, and is distinguished mainly by 

 the caruncle and eyes. It is more or less linear, with the elevated region somewhat 

 ovoid. The two dorsal eyes, which are black and of considerable size, lie at the anterior 

 border, and have the tentacle, which does not seem to taper much, rising between them. 

 The fillet, which runs forward from the caruncle, carries a pair of short tentacles, with 

 tactile hair-like processes, and bending over the tip of the snout, bears the two elongated 

 ventral eyes, which are smaller than the dorsal. 1 The dorsal part of the fillet is stated by 

 Ehlers in E. racemosa to be covered with cilia, and it is probable that they also occur on 

 the ventral surface of the band. 



The body of this species forms a somewhat elongate oval, the dorsal surface being 

 elevated, the ventral flattened. Dorsally a broad groove, smooth but for the seo-ment- 

 1 J. Y. Cams, in his 'Prod. Faun. Medit.' (1884), gives the genus only one pair of eyes. 



