332 MANUAL OF BOTANY 



none, inserted into the base of the calyx ; equal or unequal ; often 

 papilionaceous, the odd petal, if any, posterior. 8ta?nens definite 

 or indefinite, usually perigynous, or rarely hypogynous, distinct 

 or united into 1, 2, or rarely 3 bundles. If in two bundles these 

 contain respectively 9 and 1. Ovary superior, usually formed of 

 1 carpel, although rarely of 2 or 5 ; 1-celled with 1, 2, or many 

 ovules ; style and stigma simple. Fruit usually a legume, or 

 sometimes a lomentum, or rarely a drupe. Seeds 1 or more, 

 sometimes arillate, attached to the upper or ventral suture ; 

 albumen usually absent ; emhryo straight, or with the radicle 

 folded upon the cotyledons ; cotyledons leafy or fleshy, and 

 either hypogeal or epigeal. 



Diagnosis. — Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves nearly always 

 alternate and stipulate, and usually compound. Flowers regular 

 or irregular. Calyx inferior, 5-partite ; odd division anterior. 

 Petals 5, and then unequal or equal ; or fewer by abortion, or 



Fig. 1092. Pig. 1093. Fig. 1094. 



Fig. IU92, The flower of the Pea (Msum). et. Staailard or vexillum. ai. Wings 



or al«. car. Carina or keel enclosing the sporophylls. c. Calyx. 



Fig. 1093. The sporophylls of the same surrounded by the calyx c. 



es. Bundle of nine stamens, el. Solitary stamen, st. Styleand stigma. 



Fig. 1094. Legume of the same, with one valve removed. 



none ; perigynous ; odd one, when present, posterior. Stamens 

 distinct, or united into one or more bundles. Ovary superior, 

 simple, 1-celled; style simple, proceeding from the ventral 

 suture. Fruit usually a legume, sometimes a lomentum, or 

 rarely a drupe. Seeds 1 or more, usually without albumen. 

 This order may he generally distinguished by having legumi- 

 nous fruit. 



Division of the Order and Illustrative Genera. — The order 

 has been divided into three sub-orders as follows : — 



Sub-order 1. PapilionacejE. — Petals arranged so as to form a 

 papilionaceous corolla, imbricate in aestivation, and the upper 

 or odd petal exterior to the lateral petals. Illustrative 

 Genera : — Ulex, Linn. ; TrifoHum, Linn. ; Vicia, Linn. ; 

 Ornithopus, Linn. 



Sub-order 2. CjEsalpiniejE. — Petals not arranged in a papi- 

 lionaceous manner, imbricate in sestivation, and the upper 



