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MANUAL OF BOTANY 



terior. Petals 6, perigynous, or rarely none. Stamens perigynous, 

 distinct ; anthers 2-celled. Carpels one or more, usually distinct 

 or sometimes ultimately united ; generally superior or occasion- 

 ally becomuig more or less inferior during development of the 

 fruit. Seeds 1 or few, exalbuminous ; embryo straight. 



Division of the Order and Illustrative Genera. — The order 

 Rosacese, as above defined, may be divided into five sub-orders, 

 which are by some botanists considered as distinct orders. They 

 are characterised as follows; — 



Sub-order 1. CheysobaianbjE. — Trees or shrubs, with simple 

 leaves and free stipules. Carpel solitary, cohering more or 

 less on one side with the tube of the thalamus ; ovules 2 ; style 

 basilar. Fruit a drupe. Seed erect ; radicle inferior. Illustra- 



Fit;. 1095. 



Fig. 1096. 



Fi'j. 1095. Diagram of the flower n; a species oC Rose, with five sepals, five 

 petals, numerous stameus, and many distinct carpels. Fig. 1096. Ver- 

 tical section of the flower. 



tive GewMS ;— Chrysobalanus, Linn. There are no British 

 plants in this sub-order. 



Sub-order 2. Drupace^. — Trees or shrubs, with simple leaves 

 and free stipules. Calyx deciduous. Carpel solitary, free ; 

 style terminal. Fruit a drupe. Seed suspended. Illustra- 

 tive Oenus : — Prunus, .ZJmre. 



Sub-order 3. EosE^. — Shrubs or herbs, with simple or compound 

 leaves and adherent .stipules. Carpels 1 or more, superior, 

 not united to the tube of the thalamus, distinct or sometimes 

 more or less coherent ; styles lateral or nearly terminal. 

 Fruit either an etserio, a cynarrhodon, or several follicles. 

 Seed usually suspended, or rarely ascending ; radicle superior. 

 lUustratii'e Genera : — Kosa, Linn. ; Eubus, Linn. 



