402 



MANUAL OF BOTANY 



membranous, with transverse dehiscence ; placenta free central. 

 Seeds 1, 2, or more, with a mucilaginous testa ; embryo trans- 

 verse, in fleshy albumen. 



Distribution and Numbers. — They abound in cold or tem- 



FiG. 1178. 



Fig. 1179. 



Fig. 1178. Plant of a species of 

 Hib-grass (Plantago), witli 



radical leaves. Fig, 1179. 



Flower of the same. 



perate climates, but are more or less diffused o\er the globe. 

 Illustrative Genera : — Littorella, Linn. ; Plantago, Linn. There 

 are more than 100 species. 



Properties and Uses. — Generally of little importance; but 

 some are demulcent, and others astringent. 



Artificial Analysis of the Orders in the Sub-class Oamopetalce 



or Corolliflorm. 



*^* A few orders belonging to the Sub-class Polypetalse, the flowers of 



which are sometimes gamopetalous, are also included in this analysis. 



Ovary inferior. 



A. Ovary usually 1-celled. 

 a,. Anthers united. 



Ovule solitary, pendulous . 

 Ovule solitary, erect . 

 b. Anthers distinct. 



Fruit with 1 perfect cell and 2 rudimentary 

 ones. 

 Seed exalbuminous 

 Fruit 1-celled, and without any rudimentary 

 ones. Seed albuminous 



B. Ovary with more than 1 cell, 

 a. Anthers united. 



Leaves alternate . . . LoheliacetB. 



GaVyceracecB. 

 Gompositce. 



Valerianaceas, 



Dipsacece. 



