NIGERIA 191 
edible herbs allied to jute, and by shrubby weeds of the genus 
Triumfetta. 
SIMARUBACEZ by Hannoa undulata, a small-sized tree characteristic 
of the region, and by Irvingia Smithii, a tree more abundant in the 
South. 
BursERacea by two species of frankincense-tree—Boswellia 
Dalzielit and B. odorata—and by Commiphora Kerstingti, a green-barked 
tree familiar as an enclosure fence in towns. 
MELIAcEz by Khaya Senegalensis, the mahogany of the Soudan 
Zone, by Trichilia emetica, and by Pseudocedrela Kotschyit ; also by 
the naturalized Kurnan nasara, Melia Azedarach. 
OuacacEs& by the Tsada, Ximenia Americana, a shrub with small 
yellow, acid plums, and by the evergreen climbing shrub, Opilia cel- 
tidifolia. 
CELASTRACE typically by the shrub Gymnosporia Senegalensis, 
and less by two or more species of woody twining Hippocrates. 
SaPINDACE# by the woody twiner Paullinia pinnata, the 3-foliate 
shrub Schmidelia Africana, and the world-wide twining weed Cardio- 
spermum Halicacabum. 
ANACARDIACEE by the tree Odina Barteri, by other species of 
Odina of more local distribution, and by two species of Anasphrenium. 
ConnaRACES by the abundant little shrub Byrsocarpus coccineus. 
PROTEACE by a single species of Protea, a shrub with large capitate 
flowers, of local distribution in the Central areas. 
PotyeaLaceaz by Securidaca longipedunculaia and the field weed 
Polygala arenaria. 
Lreeuminosz by— 
Larger trees: the Maji or Kadaura, Paradaniellia Oliveri, and 
the Kawo, Afzelia Africana. 
Medium-sized and smaller trees: Parkia filicoidea, Prosopis 
oblonga, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Isoberlinia doka, Berlinia acuminata 
in ravines, Tamarindus Indica ; several Acacias, e.g. A. Siebertana, 
A. campylacantha, A. Arabica ; Albizzia Chevaliert, Entada Sudanica ; 
Afrormosia laxiflora and Burkea Africana. 
Small trees and shrubs: Detarium Senegalense, Bauhinia reticulata 
and B. rufescens, Erythrina Senegalensis, Lonchocarpus laxiflorus, 
Dichrostachys nutans, Mimosa asperata on stream-banks, Cassia Siebert- 
ana, C. Kotschyana and others, along with several shrubby species 
of Cassia and the dwarf C. mimosoides, Swartzia Madagascariensis, 
Ormocarpum bibracteatum. 
To these must be added the Zamarke, Sesbania punctata, and other 
spp., and a host of herbaceous plants or half woody undershrubs, 
chiefly belonging to the genera Crotalaria, Indigofera, and Tephrosia, 
others of Desmodium Ertosema, etc., and twiners of Vigna and 
Rhynchosia. 
