NIGERIA 195 
Risga, by odorous species of Ocimum and Aolanthus, e.g. the Dodoya, 
Ocimum Americanum, the weed Acrocephalus polytrichus, and by 
many common herbs of various other genera. 
Amaranthacee by the native spinage, Alayafu, Amaranthus cau- 
datus, the Zaki banza, A. viridis, a wild species sometimes cultivated, 
and by several of the common weeds found in other countries—Celosia 
argentea, Pupalia lappacea, etc. 
THYMELHZACEZ by the poisonous Tururibi, Lasiosyphon Kraussii, a 
yellow-flowered, low, suffruticose plant with a woody rootstock, and 
by two of three species of Gnidia. 
ARISTOLOCHIACEE by the twiner Aristolochia albida. 
LavRacez by the leafless twiner Cassytha Guineensis. 
The Monocotyledonous Orders may be said to be represented as 
follows : 
HyprocuaritacEa@ by the yellow-flowered aquatic herbs Oftelia 
lancifolia and Boottia Abyssinica. 
Orcuipaces® by a fair number of tuberous terrestrial orchids, of 
which Lissochilus arenarius is the most typical, séveral Habenarias 
and Eulophias, and a very few epiphytes, e.g. Ansellia Congoensis. 
SciraMINE# abundantly by Kempferia Aithiopica in open woods, 
Costus afer in shady ravines, and Fitta, the food-wrapper leaf, 
Clinogyne filipes, in streams, etc. 
Irrpacez by several species of Gladiolus, e.g. G. quartinianus, and 
of Tritonia. 
AMARYLLIDACE by Crinum yucceflorum, the red-flowered Haman- 
thus rupestris, Pancratium trianthum, and Curculigo Gallabatensis. 
Taccacea by the tuberous Tacca involucrata. 
DroscorREacE by Dioscorea prehensilis and other cultivated yams, 
chiefly in the South or on pagan hills, and by some species which are 
either wild or escapes. 
Lit1acEz by several species of Urginea, e.g. U. Nigritiana, U. 
Indica, etc., by other bulbous species of the genera Anthericum, Dip- 
cadi, etc., by the climbing lily, Gloriosa superba, several species of 
Chlorophytum, Aloe Barteri, and by prickly scramblers such as 
Asparagus Pauli-Guilelmi, Smilax Kraussiana, etc. 
ALISMATACEZE by some flowering water-plants, e.g. Burnatia ennean- 
dra, Lophotocarpus Guyanensis, etc. 
CoMMELINACEE by various species of Aneilema—A. lanceolatum, 
A. Sinicum, etc., of Commelyna—C. nudiflora, C. umbellata, etc., and 
of Floscopa and Cyanotis. 
Patm# by the Giginya, Borassus flabellifer, var. Aithiopum, the 
Goriba, Hyphena Thebaica, chiefly in the North, and the Tukuruwa 
or Bamboo Palm, Raphia vinifera, in ravines only. 
ARoIDLE# by Culcasia scandens, by the Kinchia with yellow rhizome, 
