NIGERIA 207 
places its limit at Tagalel, in Damerghu, or about 15° North 
latitude. 
In Hausaland it is a conspicuous tree, less from its dimensions than 
from the beauty of its foliage, sometimes umbrella-spreading and at 
others compact, and giving a good deal of shade when in full leaf. 
The ground becomes littered with the small leaflets in the dry months, 
and as a rule little undergrowth is to be found beneath it. 
In Sokoto and Kano provinces, and elsewhere in the North, speci- 
mens with a dense, compact and symmetrical crown are common, the 
branches often reaching to within 3 or 4 feet of the ground. The fruit 
has familiar medicinal and culinary uses, but rarely develops the soft 
rich pulp of the Indian specimens. One of the wild silkworms, Anaphe 
sp., feeds on the leaf, the silken nest being called ‘ Tsamiyar Tsamiya.” 
A familiar association which did not escape the notice of Dr. Barth 
is that of tamarind and baobab, in which case the former is often 
without a proper bole and spreads itself half scandent amongst the 
stout branches of the baobab. 
Parkia filicoidia, Welw. Dorowa; ‘‘ West African Locust Bean.” 
A characteristic tree of the savannah forests, and one of the most 
typical members of the open park-like formations. It appears to be 
scarce in Bornu, but abundant from Zaria to Katsina, and its northern 
limit is probably about 14° North latitude. 
The pods afford both food and fodder, the fermented cakes called 
Daudawa, made from the seeds, being an article of local commerce. 
In the bush, far from villages, Dorowa trees are ownerless, but elsewhere 
they are generally private property. 
Burkea Africana, Hook. Farin makarfo. 
A tree of 30 to 40 feet, of irregular distribution in open savannah 
forests, fairly common between Yola and Bornu as well as in Southern 
Sokoto. It has light, silky foliage, flowers in pendulous, creamy spikes, 
and dark, almost black, bark. The hard wood is used for handles 
of axes and hoes. 
Prosopis oblonga, Benth. Kiriya. 
A common tree of the savannah region, extending beyond the 
Anglo-French boundary, but better developed in the Benué region, 
where fair timber specimens occur. The wood is hard, with red centre 
wood, and takes a beautiful polish. It is recognized by its acacia- 
like foliage, spikes of creamy flowers and stout brown pods, with seeds 
sometimes used like those of Dorowa. 
Bauhinia reticulata, DC. Kargo. 
A shrub or small tree, one of the commonest constituents of the 
bush savannahs; readily recognized by the cleft leaves, rusty bark 
