460 WEST AFRICAN FORESTS AND FORESTRY 
value as palm oil, i.e. in November 1911, at Liverpool, £30 to £31 
per ton. The cake obtained from it closely resembled Shea-nut cake 
and was of a similar value, i.e. about £3 per ton in Liverpool. The 
decorticated kernels, which contained about 40 per cent. of oil, were 
valued at about £10 per ton c.if. at Liverpool in October 1911. These 
kernels should find a ready market in Europe for soap-making, and 
the cake to be used as a manure. As the tree is one of the commonest 
in the dry-zone forests, ample supplies of the nuts should be always 
forthcoming, providing an adequate price to pay for the cost of 
production is paid for them. 
TaBie I. 
Yield of Fat. 
A B Cc. D. E 
Product received -. | Fruits Kernels Fruits Kernels Kernels 
Condition of kernels .. | Mostly Good Many Good fairly 
sound partly good 
decom- 
posed 
Yield of fat (per cent. 
caleulated on wei | 31°19 43-0 39°6 41°16 41-76 
of kernels used) 
Tasue II. 
Constants of Fat. 
A B. Cc. D E 
Specific gravity a 0°9105 0° 9044 0-9044 0-9019 0° 9016 
Acid value os es 18°54 25°9 33°2 47°5 48°0 
Saponification value .. | 195-6 181°5 194°6 180-7 183°3 
Todine value .. .. | 68°4 69:8 70°3 72:1 72°5 
Reichert-Meissl value . . _— 0:9 0:9 0°8 0°8 
Unsaponifiable matter. . 1-49 0°5 —_ _ 0-86 
Titer test she hs _ 49°0°C. | 47°0°C. | 47°5°C. | 48°5°C. 
Closely allied to the above is Lophira procera, the Red Ironwood 
Tree, which yields the Kaku or Ebba kernels. The fruit is usually 
more sharply conical in shape than that from L. alata. The fruits 
are small, owing to the fact that these large forest trees grow closely 
amongst others, and the fruits are not so fully developed or filled out 
as those of L. alata. JL. alata usually grows in the open freely, or at 
most only just touching a neighbouring tree, and thus the fruit has 
