50 SCIENCE SKETCHES. 
Frazer River, the silver salmon in Puget Sound, 
the quinnat in the Columbia and the Sacramento, 
and the silver salmon in most of the streams along 
the coast. All the species have been seen by us 
in the Columbia and in Frazer River; all but the 
blue-back in the Sacramento and in waters tribu- 
tary to Puget Sound. Only the quinnat has been 
noticed south of San Francisco. Its range has 
been traced as far as Ventura River. Of these 
species, the quinnat and blue-back salmon habitu- 
ally “run” in the spring; the others in the fall. 
The usual order of running in the rivers is as fol- 
lows: xerka, tschawytscha, kisutch, gorbuscha, keta. 
The economic value of the spring-running sal- 
mon is far greater than that of the other species, 
because they can be captured in numbers when at 
their best, while the others are usually taken only 
after deterioration. To this fact the worthlessness 
of Oncorhynchus keta as compared with the other 
species is probably wholly due. 
The habits of the salmon in the ocean are not 
easily studied. Quinnat and silver salmon of all 
sizes are taken with the seine at almost any season 
in Puget Sound. This would indicate that these 
species do not go far from the shore. The quinnat 
takes the hook freely in Monterey Bay, both near 
the shore and at a distance of six to eight miles out. 
We have reason to believe that these two species 
do not necessarily seek great depths, but proba- 
bly remain not very far from the mouth of the 
rivers in which they were spawned. The blue-back 
and the dog salmon probably seek deeper water, 
as the former is seldom or never taken withthe 
