66 SCIENCE SKETCHES. 
fifteen pounds. The largest one of which I find 
a record was taken on the coast of Ireland in 
1881, and weighed eighty-four and three-fourths 
pounds. 
The salmon is found in Europe between the lati- 
tude of 45° and 75°, In the United States it is 
now rarely seen south of Cape Cod, although for- 
merly the Hudson and numerous other rivers were 
salmon streams. Over-fishing, obstructions in the 
rivers, and pollution of the water by manufactories 
and by city sewage are agencies against which the 
salmon cannot cope. 
Seven species of salmon (as distinguished from 
trout) are recognized by Dr. Giinther in Europe, 
and three in America. The landlocked forms, 
abundant in Norway, Sweden, and Maine, which 
cannot, or at least do not, descend to the sea, are 
regarded by him as distinct species. ‘The ques- 
tion,” observes Dr. Giinther, ‘‘ whether any of the 
migratory species can be retained by artificial 
means in fresh water, and finally accommodate 
themselves to a permanent sojourn therein, must 
be negatived for the present.” On this point I 
am compelled to disagree with Dr. Giinther. I 
have compared numerous specimens of the com- 
mon landlocked salmon (Salmo salar sebago) of 
the lakes of Maine and New Brunswick with land- 
locked salmon (Salmo salar hardini) from the 
lakes of Sweden, and with numerous migratory 
salmon, both from America and Europe. I can 
have no hesitation in regarding them all as specifi- 
cally identical. The differences are very trivial in 
kind, and not greater than would be expected on 
