510 



THE ANIMAL PARASITES OP MAN 



Occasionally the liver-fluke may pass from the liver into other organs. 

 Duval found the parasite in the trunk of the portal vein, and Friedberger in 

 the portal vein. It' was found in abscess cavities upon the plantar surface of 

 the foot by Giesker ; behind the ear, by Fox; in the right hypochondriac region, 

 by Dionis des Carrieres; and it was extracted from the shoulder region by 

 Malherbe. Eaillet reports that a French officer in Eio coughed up a Senegal 

 liver-fluke. 



The bile-ducts of various mammals contain, together with the distomum 

 hepaticum, the distomum lanceolatum, Eudolphi, 1803, which, like the dis- 

 tomum crassum Busk, 1850, has been found but rarely in man. 



Besides these, I shall also mention the distomum heterophyes, v. Siebold, 

 1852, and the distomum ophthalmobium, Diesing, 1850, as they have been 

 rarely observed in man. 



In Formosa, Korea, and, particularly, in Japan, the distomum Wester- 

 manni, Kerbert, 1878, is frequently found, and this is also designated dis- 

 tomum pulmonale, Baelz, 1883, distomum Eingeri, Cobbold, 1880. 



This reddish-brown parasite, according to Baelz, attains a length of 8-10 

 mm., a breadth of 5-6 mm. ; it is oval, slightly rounded at the ends ; a cross 

 section is almost circular; the suctorial discs of the mouth and abdomen are 



Fig. 



33. — Distomum Westeemanni and 

 Ovum. (After Katsurada.) 



Fig. 34. — Distomum Spathulatum and 

 Ovum. (After Katsurada.) 



almost of equal size. The ova, thousands of which are often found in bloody 

 sputum, are of a brown color, 0.08 to 0.01 mm. long and 0.05 mm. broad, 

 thin-shelled, and showing a lid at the blunt end. Besides in man, the parasite 

 has been found in the dog and also in animals of the cat family, especially iJa 

 Japan. 



Distomatosis is widely disseminated in Japan, and is the cause of an appar- 

 ently harmless hemoptysis. The parasites are found in cavities; in one case 

 dissected by Baelz there were twenty specimens. These cavities contain a 

 reddish, pulpy mass consisting of mucus, red blood-corpuscles and numerous 

 distoma ova. The cavities are connected with the bronchi by sieve-like open- 

 ings through which the ova, sometimes in enormous numbers, reach the spu- 



