572 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



^ Hydrargyri sulfurati rubri 1.0 



Sulfuris sublimati 24.0 



Olei bergamottffi gtt. xxv 



Vaselini flavi^ ad 100 



In children, Joseph advises : 



]^ Acidi salicylici 1.0 



Tincturee benzoes 3.0 



Vaselini ilavi, ad 50.0 



to be rubbed into the scalp twice daily. 



The clothes louse, pediculus vestimenti, Burmeister, lives upon the throat, 

 neck, and trunk of man. The eggs are deposited in the lanugo hair of the 

 skin, as well as in the underclothing. The bite of the louse causes severe 

 itching, and by scratching strige-like wounds are produced. If the condition 

 exists for a long time, open wounds and ulcers of various kinds appear, and 

 finally a permanent pigmentation of the skin which is particularly noticeable 

 in those areas in which the clothes are worn close to the body. So-called lousi- 

 ness is produced by the abundance of the clothes louse. Cleansing the clothes 

 and disinfecting the same, and washing the body with vinegar or petroleum 

 will rapidly remove the disease. 



The body louse (phthirius inguinalis, Eedi, 1668) is most frequently found 

 in the hair surrounding the pubes. Thence it is distributed over the trunk 

 to the axillary cavity, into the beard, into the cilia and into the eye-brows, 

 but is very rarely found upon the hairy scalp. The exanthem produced by 

 scratching is usually found in corresponding places. The maculae cserulese, 

 composed of reddish brown flakes, which are found upon the anterior lateral 

 aspect of the thorax, on the upper thighs and buttocks, are of a peculiar char- 

 acter, and are probably produced by a poison contained in the salivary gland. 

 The parasite may be removed by inunctions of gray salve followed by a bath. 

 Inunctions with balsam of Peru or white precipitate salve will also rapidly 

 remove the parasites. The phenomena produced by bed-bugs (cimex lectu- 

 larius, Merrett, 1667, cimex ciliatus, Eversmann, 1841, cimex rotundatus, Sig- 

 noret, 1851) and those produced by the flea, pulex irritans, Linne, 1758, are 

 sufficiently well known. 



The sand-flea (sarcopsylla penetrans, Linne, 1758) has lately become of 

 more interest to Germany on account of its appearance in the colonies. Carried 

 from its home in South America to West Africa, the parasite has gradually 

 spread itself from west to east, until it reached German East Africa. By 

 1897 it became a land plague in Uhehe. 



After the female (the male lives independently) has bored its way under 

 the toe-nail, it appears on the first day as a small harmless point, and may 

 easily be removed without pain. Early removal is the only protection from 

 serious consequences ; it is therefore advisable to inspect the feet daily, and this 

 is the more necessary in infected regions, as the sand-flea at first causes no 

 symptoms. 



