THE SOUTHERN PINE SAWYER. 45 



PECUNIARY LOSS. 



Approximately 25 per cent of the lumber in each log infested by 

 the sawyer is seriously damaged. The pecuniaiy loss may therefore 

 be computed as follows: Lumber undamaged by insects was worth, 

 m 1908, $19 a thousand feet b. m. at the mill in southern Mississippi! 

 When mfested by the sawyer the 25 per cent damaged was reduced 

 in value to $7.50 a thousand. 



It is estimated that in the storm of September, 1908, 2,000,000,000 

 feet of timber were blown doAvn. In the 1907 storm, in Alabama, 

 800,000 feet were blown down, and ia the storm of April 24, 1908^ 

 which passed through two or three States, 180,000,000 feet were 

 blown down. This gives us 2,180,800,000 feet of timber blown 

 down by these three storms. Practically all of this storm-felled 

 timber was damaged by the sawyer. 



As stated above, 25 per cent of each log damaged is reduced from 

 $19 a thousand feet to $7.50 a thousand feet; therefore we may 

 ' consider that 25 per cent of the whole, or 545,200,000 feet b. m. 

 was reduced from $19 a thousand to $7.50 a thousand. At $19 a 

 a thousand this amount of timber would be worth $10,358,800. 

 At $7.50 it would be worth $4,089,000. The difference between 

 these two sums is $6,269,800. Therefore, if this timber had been used, 

 or could have been used before the sapwood decayed, the last figure 

 given would represent the total loss chargeable to the sawyer. 



CKARACTEB OF THE INSECT. 



Adult. — ^The adult (fig. 14) is an elongate beetle varying from 

 I6°™ to 31.5°™ in length and from 5 to 10™° in width. The color 

 is a mottled gray and brown. In the male the horns, or antennae, 

 are very long, often being two or three times the length of the beetle. 

 In the female they are much shorter than in the male, but are still 

 somewhat longer than the body. 



Egg. — The egg (fig. 15) is elongate-oval, approximately 4™° long, 

 by 1.5°™ in diameter at the middle. The color is opaque white. 

 There are two distinct coverings, which correspond to the outer and 

 inner shells of the egg of a fowl. The outer is Icnown as the chorion 

 (fig. 15, a, d), and the inner as the amnion (fig. 15, 6). At one end 

 is found a depression or little round hole, which is known as the micro- 

 pyle (fig. 15, c). Under a high-power microscope the chorion is seen 

 to be very prettily sculptured on its outer surface (fig. 15, e). 



Larva. — ^The larva (fig. ] 6) is an elongate, footless, white grub with 

 powerful jaws or mandibles for boring through the %vood. The size 

 varies considerably in different individuals and according to age. 

 The largest at maturity have been found to measure slightly over 

 60°™ in length and 9°™ in breadth at the broadest point (the pro- 



