302 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. I909. 



black spruce galls were settling and ovipositing freely on black 

 spruce. They are a flocculent species and their wings showed 

 dark against the woolly mass which covered their abdomens and 

 egg clusters. 



What the life-cycle relation of the apterous oviparous forms 

 is to the migrants appearing and ovipositing at the same time 

 I do not know. They are here considered as similis though 

 their identity is not proven. The galls of similis, however, 

 were the only ones discussed in this paper in which apterous 

 oviparous forms were found. Professor Gillette also records 

 apterous females and their egg clusters to be present in galls 

 of similis. 



A cage test as to preference of spruces of the migrants was 

 made. July 9, galls from black spruce were caged with unin- 

 fested black, white and Norway spruces. By July 13 a few 

 migrants had settled on the Norway and deposited but a decided 

 preference was shown for the white spruce upon which they 

 settled in plentiful numbers and deposited eggs, remaining for 

 a time on the little white woolly masses. 



July 9, galls from white spruce were placed with uniofested 

 white, black and Norway spruces. A large majority chose the 

 white spruce. The eggs of this species hatched in about a 

 week. 



On trees where the infestation was heavy the terminal shoots 

 were sticky and the needles somewhat ruffled. (Fig. 144). In 

 many places portions of the spruce needles turned whitish yellow 

 giving a "blighted" appearance to the shoot. 



The winged form (fig. 113), varied exceedingly in size, part 

 of the emerging ones being about i.o mm. long with a wing 

 expanse of 3.0 mm.-4.o mm. while the majority were larger, 

 ranging from 1.45 mm. to 1.7 mm. with a wing expanse of 

 about 4.8 mm. Color of body reddish brown, wings a little 

 smoky. Wings much as in floccus with the veins having a little 

 more tendency to straightness. Antennae are more like those of 

 pinifoliae than any other, both as to general shape of joints 

 and the relative size of the sensoria. The wax gland areas 

 are : head with dorsal surface nearly covered by the two anterior 

 and posterior groups which nearly meet; prothorax with large 

 lateral area, two anterior and two posterior groups; meso- 

 thorax with lateral anterior group and two very large median 



