308 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. I909. 



Fig. 125. Chermes consolidatus, pupa developing in spruce gall. 



Fig. 126. Chermes consolidatus? Apterous oviparous form on larch. 



Fig. 127. Chermes pinifoliae Fitch. Migrants from spruce to white 



pine needles. 

 Fig. 128. Chermes pinifoliae. Mature galls from black spruce still 



green and just before opening. 

 Fig. 129. Branch of black spruce. A cone with tip broken, B four 



normal spruce tips, C four young galls of pinifoliae. 

 Fig. 130. Tip of black spruce. A cone which is purple, B normal tip, 



C deserted pinifoliae gall which is bright reddish brown. 

 Fig. 131. Deserted galls of Chermes pinifoliae on red spruce. 

 Fig. 132. White pine showing injury to new growth by the young 



pinifoliae which may be located by the white secretion on twig at 



base of new growth. Photographed July 23, 1909. 

 Fig. 133. Chermes fioccus Patch, migrants from spruce galls, oviposit- 

 ing on white pine needles. 

 Fig. 134. Galls of Chermes fioccus on red spruce. The white objects 



on the outside of the gall are waxy secretions of Chermes similis, 



apterous forms, which are ovipositing on fioccus galls as well as 



on the twig. 

 Fig. 135. Gali of Chermes fioccus from black .spruce. Cross section. 



Fig. 136. Longitudinal section. 

 Fig. 137. Twig of white spruce with galls of Chermes abietis. 

 Fig. 138. Galls of Chermes abietis from Norway spruce. Longitudinal 



section of gall which does not enclose the whole twig. Fig. 139. 



Longitudinal section of gall which completely encircles the twig. 

 Fig. 140. Twig of Norway spruce. Show deserted gall of Chermes 



abietis and the white molted skins along twig and leaves. 

 Fig. 141. Twig of white spruce with galls of Chermes lariciatus Patch. 



Gall at right deserted. Gall at left not yet opened. 

 Fig. 142. Galls of Chermes similis Gillette on Norway spruce. 

 Fig. 143. Apterous flocculent oviparous females of Chermes similis 



showing white on stem of Norway spruce. 

 Fig. 144. Twig of black spruce showing injury to young of Chermes 



similis. Needles sickly yellow and covered with white flocculent 



secretion of the Chermes. 

 Fig. 145. Gall of Chermes consolidatus Patch on black spruce. 

 Fig. 146. Chermes pinicorticis Fitch on bark of white pine. 



