90 NORTH AMERICAN WARBLERS. 



winter in Yucatan, but nevertheless is rare in southern Florida and 

 still rarer in Cuba, it is evident that the bulk of the species fly across 

 the Gulf of Mexico from the mainland of the Gulf States. Records 

 of occurrence during fall migration in southern Florida are, like those 

 of occurrence in spring, very few. The species was observed at Tar- 

 pon Springs, October 15, 1886; Key "West, October 14, 1887, and at 

 Sombrero Key, November 10, 1888, when two birds struck the light. 

 In North Carolina the early fall migrants commonly appear during the 

 last week in August. At the same latitude in the Mississippi Valley 

 the dates of first appearance in fall are but a few days later. The first 

 birds to reach the Gulf coast arrive about the last of September. An 

 individual was seen at Beauvoir, Miss., July 30, 1897, but this was 

 evidently a bird that had gone astray. The bulk of the species pass 

 through the Gulf States in October. The southern boundary of the 

 summer range is finally abandoned about the first of October, and by 

 the last of the month nearly all the birds have crossed the Gulf. Late 

 migrants are recorded as follows: North River, Prince Edward Island, 

 September 13, 1890; St. John, New Brunswick, September 25, 1891; 

 southern Maine, October 2, 1898; Fitchburg, Mass., October 9, 1898; 

 southeastern New York, October 15, 1887; Germantown, Pa., October 

 18, 1888; Washington, October 20, 1890; Raleigh, N. C, October 16, 

 1893; Ottawa, October 8, 1887; Chicago, October 12, 1894; Eubank, 

 Ky., October 14, 1891, and New Orleans, October 28, 1899. The 

 earliest recorded date of fall arrival south of the United States is 

 September 14, 1892, in Morelos, Mexico." 



668. Dendroicatownsendi (Towns.). Townsend Warbler. 



The Townsend warbler is one of the widest ranging of the western 

 warblers, breeding from the mountains of southern California north 

 to Sitka, Alaska, and the upper Yukon Valley (lat. 61°) and east to 

 Idaho and western Colorado. In migration it ranges to the eastern 

 foothills of Colorado and to western -Texas. It nests up to an altitude 

 of 8,000 feet, and in migration has been noted 2,000 feet higher. It 

 winters from Guerrero and the City of Mexico to Guatemala, being 

 most common near the southern limit of the range, while a few some- 

 times winter as far north as southern California. It has been found 

 in winter in Guatemala at an altitude of 12,000 feet. 



Sjyfing migration. — An early migrating Townsend warbler was seen 

 on April 9 in the Huachuca Mountains of Arizona. Migrants from 

 Mexico begin to enter southern California April 14 to 20. The earUest 

 noted in 1888 at Chilliwack, British Columbia, was on May 19, but the 

 usual date of arrival is probably several days earlier, for the average 

 date of the first seen during five years at Columbia Falls, Mont., is 

 May 7, varying from May 4, 1897, to Mav 11, 1896. First arrivals 



aJouy, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI, p. 777, 1894. 



