PINE WARBLER. 



95 



of the later migrants of this species. In the South the dates on which 

 the species was last seen in spring are quite variable. It was last 

 noted in Florida: Palatka, April 12, 1885; Tarpon Springs, April 18; 

 Gainesville, April 29, 1887; Tortugas, April 26, 1890; Sombrero Key 

 lighthouse, April 25, 1887, and May 15, 1888. Other last dates are: 

 New Providence, Bahamas, April 30; Andros Island, Bahamas, May 

 2, 1890; Jamaica, April 6; Cozumel Island, Yucatan, April 18, 1901; 

 and Porto Rico, April 8, 1900. 



Fall migration. — The fall migration of this species and that of 

 its eastern representative hypochrysea are especially interesting on 

 account of a unique feature that characterizes them, viz, the general 

 line of migration of one form is at right angles with that of the 

 other, the two intersecting in the vicinity of northern Florida. It is 

 possible that palmarum has but one general line of migration, which 

 passes in a southeasterly direction from the central Mississippi Valle}^ 

 to Florida, the Bahamas, and the Greater Antilles, and that the indi- 

 viduals noted in Yucatan and the neighboring islands have crossed 

 from southern Cuba, where this species is one of the commonest of 

 North American birds. The records of the Florida lighthouses do 

 not show such numerous occurrences ot palmarum as one might expect 

 from the abundance of the bird in Cuba. The earliest dates in fall on 

 which this species struck the lights — September 22, 1885, and Septem- 

 ber 21, 1886 — are quite early as compared with the first dates on which 

 migrants were noted farther north. In northwestern Minnesota the 

 first fall migrants were noted September 9, 1896; at Lanesboro, Minn., 

 September 17, 1888; Keokuk, Iowa, September 11, 1893, and Chi- 

 cago September 4, 1900. The earliest dates in Indiana range from 

 September 10, 1892, to September 14, 1897. Loomis says that the 

 species is abundant at Chester, S. C, in fall migration, arriving in 

 the second week of September, and Scott records the date of first 

 arrival at Tarpon Springs as September 22. The earliest date in the 

 vicinity of New Orleans is September 25, 1899. These dates indicate 

 a rather rapid migration in fall. The last stragglers of palma7%im 

 usually leave Manitoba the last week in September; Lanesboro, Minn. , 

 the first week in October; Chicago about October 9, and the central 

 Mississippi Valley by the middle of the month; but migrants continue 

 crossing to€uba for a month longer. The latest dates of striking the 

 lighthouses are November 19, 1886, November 11, 1888, and Novem- 

 ber 6, 1891. 



672a. Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea Ridgw. Yellow Palm Warbler. 



Breeding raw^e.— Hudson Bay is supposed to be the dividing line 

 between the summer home of the western palm warbler and that of 

 the eastern form hypochrysea. The eastern bird breeds from eastern 

 Maine, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia northward, east of Hudson 



