CICADAS, AND HEMIPTERA. 405 



horny plate that can mostly be seen from the upper surface of the 

 insect."* They abound in the bushes and shrubs on the 

 campos, and their peculiar rasping note attracts attention all 

 the more, because it is only when the insect is at rest and in- 

 visible that the sound is produced. Mr. Bates says.f " One large 

 kind, perched high on the trees around our little haven, set 

 up a most piercing chirp ; it began with the usual harsh jarring 

 tone of its tribe, but this gradually and rapidly became shriller, 

 until it ended in a long and loud note resembling the steam 

 whistle of a locomotive engine." Mr. Bates speaks of another 

 kind near Ega, as " very handsome, having wings adorned with 

 patches of bright green and scarlet " (probably Zammara iym- 

 panum). " It was very common. . . . On approaching a tree 

 thus peopled, a number of Uttle jets of a clear liquid would be 

 seen squirted from aloft. I have often received the well-directed 

 discharge full on my face ; but the liquid is harmless, having a 

 sweetish taste, and is ejected by the insect. . . . probably in self- 

 defence, or from fear." % 



Hemiptera Heteroptera. 



I collected the following in Minas Geraes. The specimeiis 

 were named from the collection, and the classification is from the 

 " Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in the 

 Collection of the British Museum," by Francis Walker, F.L.S., in 

 eight parts, London, 1867-73. 



* Figuier's " Insect World," p. 732. 



+ Vol. ii. p. 142. X Vol. ii. p. 227. 



§ C.H. refers to Dallas's list of Hemiptera in the British Museum. 



