158 44, DIPSACACES. 
1. Dipsacus Linn. 
1. D. sylvestris (L.); 1. opposite undivided sessile, stem-l. 
connate, scales of the receptacle straight at the end longer than 
the flowers, involucres curved upwards.—E. B. 1032.—St. 5—6 
feet high, prickly, leafy, branched. Heads of fl. large, conical, 
overtopped by the slender ascending involucre.—Hedges and 
roadsides. B. VII. IX. Wild Teasel. 
*2, D. Fullonum (L.); 1. opposite undivided sessile, stem-l. 
connate, scales of the receptacle hooked at the end as long as the 
flowers, involucres refleced—E. B. 2080.—St. 5—6 feet high, 
prickly, leafy, branched. Heads of fl. obtuse, conical, about as 
long as the spinous spreading involucre.—West of England, 
searcely wild. B. VIII. IX. Teasel. 
3. D. pilosus (L.); 1. stalked with a It. at the base on each side, 
scales of the receptacle obovate-cuspidate straight, imvolucres 
deflexed.—E. B. 877.—St. 3—4 feet high, branched, rough, leafy. 
Heads of fl. small, globose, longer than the involucres.—Moist 
shady places. B. VIII. E. 
2. Kwauttia Coult. 
1. K. arvensis (Coult.); lower 1. simple, stem-l. pinnatifid, 
st. bristly, calyx with about 8 awned teeth — E. B. 659.—St. 2—3 
feet high, slightly branched, with few leaves. Radical 1. nume- 
yous, sometimes pinuately lobed. Fl. purple, in large convex 
long-stalked heads, outer ones usually unequal and radiant. In-. 
volucres bluntish.—B. integrifolia (Coult.) ; 1. all simple narrowly 
lanceolate entire or superficially crenate—Fields. P. VII.—IX. 
Field Scabious. 
3. Scasrosa Linn. 
1. S. succisa (L.); root abrupt, heads of fl. and fr. nearly 
globose, involucel hairy 4-fid herbaceous, calyx of 5 bristles, 
cor. 4-cleft regular, 1. oblong entire, upper 1. narrower mostly 
entire.—E. B. 878.—St. 1—3 feet high. Radical 1. numerous, 
stem-l. usually few. Fl. purplish-blue, rarely white. St. and both 
sides of the 1. hairy or glabrous.—Meadows and pastures. P. VII. 
—X. Devil’s bit. 
2. S. Columbaria (L.); heads of fr. globose, involucel mem- 
branous plaited notched, calyx of 5 nerveless bristles, cor. 5-cleft 
radiant, radical 1. oblong stalked crenate entire or lyrate, upper- 
most 1. pinnatifid with linear segments.—£. B. 1311.—St. 12— 
18 in. high. Radical 1. obtuse, or, rarely, lanceolate and acute, 
on long stalks; upper 1. rarely entire, linear. FI. purplish — 
“8. glabra (Ball) ; calycine sete more flattened with traces of a 
medial nerve.”—On a calcareous soil. 8. Pennard Castle, Glam. 
Mr. J. Ball. P. VU. VL. 
