184 45. COMPOSITE. 
lanceolate flat entire or slightly lobed. Cirs. setosum M. B.— 
Fields and road-sides. 8. Croxall, Derbyshire, plentifully.  y. 
Culross and Kirkwall, S. P. VII. 6. IX. Creeping Thistle. 
b. Limb of the cor. 5-parted to its middle. 
7. C. palustris (L.); 1. decurrent lanceolate deeply pimnatifid 
spinose, involucres ovate clustered, phyll. ovate-lanceolate ad- 
pressed mucronate.—E. B. 974.—St. solitary, erect, 3—5 feet 
high, wandlike, with wavy spinose wings throughout, slightly 
branched. Heads in a terminal cluster. Florets purple or white. 
Under side of the 1. usually cottony. Involucre with a slight 
web.—Wet meadows. A. VII. VIII. 
8. C. pratensis (Huds.); 1. mostly radical lanceolate wavy or 
lobed pilose above cottony beneath fringed with minute prickles, 
stem-l. not decurrent few clasping, mvolucres globose solitary ter- 
minal slightly cottony, phyll. lanceolate-attenuated adpressed 
mucronate, root stoloniferous—E. B.177. Cir. anglicum Lam. 
—St. 1—2 feet high, cottony, usually quite simple and single- 
headed, leafless in the upper half with a few scaly bracts, springing 
singly from the suckers. L. broad, soft, sinuate-dentate, rarely with 
small 2—3-fid lobes, fringed with small but unequal prickles, lower 
1. stalked. Occasionally there are 2 or 3 fl. on a stem, but the 
stem-l. are always soft and wavy at the edges, not pinnatifid as 
in the preceding.—C. Fosteri (Sm.) is a hybrid between this and 
C. pratensis having |. slightly decurrent lanceolate all pimnatifid 
spinous cottony beneath, st. panicled, inv. ovate slightly cottony, 
root czespitose producing several stems.—Boggy meadows. P. 
VI.—VIII. 
9. C. tuberosus (L.); 1. lanceolate deeply pinnatifid pilose 
above hairy or slightly cottony beneath fringed with minute 
prickles, stem-l. sessile not decurrent, lobes 2—3-fid, involucres 
ovate terminal 1—3 together slightly cottony, phyll. danceolate 
mucronate adpressed, root of elliptical tapering fleshy fibres.— 
E. B. 2562. Cir. bulbosum DC., Koch.—St. 2 feet high, erect, 
round, hairy, leafless above the middle with a few minute bracts. 
Lower 1. stalked, stem-l. nearly or quite sessile.—Great-ridge 
Wood near Boyton, Wilts. P. VIII. 1X. E. 
10. C. acaulis (L.); ¢. glabrous radical lanceolate pinnatifid, 
lobes subtrifid spinose, involucre ovate glabrous nearly sessile 
mostly solitary, outer phyll. ovate immer ones gradually longer 
adpressed, root with filiform fibres.—E. B. 161. St. 24. 16.—St. 
generally wanting, sometimes 3—12 im. long, leafy, woolly. L. all 
stalked, glabrous except a few hairs upon the ribs beneath. 
Heads very large, fl. crimson.—8. C. dubius (Willd,); st. much 
branched woolly a foot or more in height. Willd. Fl. Berol. 
f. 11. Perhaps a hybrid between this and C. arvensis.—Dry 
