190 45. COMPOSIT&. 
44, Soncuus Linn. 
1. S. oleraceus (L.); 1. undivided or pimnatifid toothed clasp- 
ing, auricles spreading arrowshaped, fr. transversely rugose and 
longitudinally ribbed, st. branched, heads subumbellate, imvolucres 
glabrous.—E. B, 843.—St. 2—3 feet high. L. flattish, lower 
stalked. Florets yellow.—f. glandulosus (Gaud.), top of st., ped., 
and inv. bearing gland-tipped hairs—Common. A. VI.—VIII. 
Sowthistle. 
2. S. asper (Hoffm.) ; 1. wadivided or pinnatifid sharply toothed 
clasping, auricles rounded, fr. longitudinally ribbed smooth, st. 
branched, heads subumbellate, involucres glabrous.—F. B. S. 
2765, 2766.—St. 2—-3 feet high. L. crisped, lower stalked. 
Florets yellow.—Common. A. VI.—VIII. Sowthistle. 
3. S. arvensis (L.); 1. lanceolate runcinate finely toothed cor- 
date at the base, uppermost lL. entire, st. simple, heads corymbose, 
involucre and peduncles glandular-hairy, fr. with transversely ru- 
gose ribs, root creeping. —E. B. 674.—St. 3—4 feet high, leafy. 
L. long, acute. Heads large, florets yellow.—Fields and waste 
ground. P. VIII. IX. Corn Sowthistle. 
4. S. palustris (L.); 1. limear-lanceolate “lower runcinate,” 
upper 1. simple, all arrowshaped spinosely-ciliated, auricles acute, 
st. simple, heads corymbose, involucre and peduncles glandular- 
hairy, fr. with finely-rugose ribs, root without scions—E. B. 935. 
—S8t. 4—6 feet high, leafy. Florets lemon-coloured.—Marshes, 
very rare. P. VII. VIII. E. 8. 
45. MuLeepium Cass. 
1. M. alpinum (Less.); 1. glabrous lyrate arrowshaped at the 
base, terminal lobe large triangular-hastate acute, st. simple, 
heads racemose, bracts peduncles and involucres glandular-hairy, 
fr. oblong not attenuated with many ribs.—Sonchus ceruleus 
Sm., £. B. 2425.—St. 3 feet high, glabrous below, leafy. L. 
gradually smaller upwards, cordate on the barren shoots. Heads 
small, numerous. Florets blue.-—Clova Mountains. P. VIII. S. 
Section 6. HIERACIEA. Receptacle generally without 
scales. Pappus filiform, never feathery nor dilated at the base. 
Fruit terete, ribbed. 
46. Crepis Linn. 
* Fruit with a long subulate beak. BARKHAUSIA Moench. 
1. C. taraxacifolia (Thuil.); 1. rough runcinate-pinnatifid, 
heads erect, involucre bristly and downy covering half the pappus, 
outer phyll. ovate-lanceolate with a membranous margin, bracts 
