194 45. COMPOSITZ. 
or elliptical narrowed into a petiole, st.-/. one or more lessening 
upwards, unopened heads slightly nodding, inv. densely covered 
with long silky black-based hairs, innermost phyll. acuminate, fl. 
pilose externally.— E. B. 1110.—St. simple in our plants. Root-l. 
oblong-spathulate, sometimes very long ; st.-l. narrow. Inv. nar- 
rowing into the peduncle, obconical. Phyll. almost without sete, 
all acuminate or outer ones blunt and often lax, broad below. 
Fl. bright yellow.—8. melanocephalum (Fr.); ped. and inv. 
blackish and with many black sete, mv. broad-based, phyll. 
linear-attenuate, root-l. toothed oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate. 
Inv. rounded or truncate below. H. villosum E. B. 2379? H. pul- 
monarium E. B. 2307 in Fries’s opinion. H. alpinum B. Halleri 
Bab. (not Hook.). It is probably a distinct species.—This is « 
connecting link between See. 11. and iii.— Elevated cliffs on moun- 
tains. 8.is the more common. P. VII. VIII. E. 8. 
ii. Pulmonarea. Producing radical rosettes of leaves in the 
autumn. Fr. short, not crenulate at the top, narrowed 
below, striated ; hairs of pappus unequal. Phyll. irregu- 
larly imbricate the series being interrupted and the outer 
ones separated from the others.—Leaves terminating ab- 
ruptly upwards. 
a. Herb white, with long distinctly feathery hairs. 
8. H. rupestre (All.); glaucous-green, st. scapelike simple or 
branched (sometimes from the base) into long 1-headed ascend- 
ing ped. slightly thickened below the heads whitely-hairy and 
stellate-downy throughout, st.-l. none or long subulate bractlike, 
root-l. long-stalked lanceolate attenuate at both ends and with 
long ascending acute teeth (almost runcinate) below glabrous or 
pilose very hairy and with deciduous stellate down beneath 
(outer oblong obtuse with bluntish teeth) rosulate persistent, inv. 
and top of ped. hairy setose and stellately-downy, phyll. very 
attenuate.—L. very coarsely toothed, very acute. St. with se- 
veral bracts and sometimes | linear-lanceolate leaf. Heads large ; 
fl. yellow, teeth glabrous—Cairntoul, Aberdeenshire (2500— 
3500 ft.) Mr. Jas. Backhouse. P. VIII. s. 
b. Herb glaucous, with long rigid simple hairs. 
* Phyll. straight, exceeding the opening flowers. St.-l. 1 or 
more, distant ; root-l. rosulate, many. 
9. H. anglicum (Fr.); glaucous-green, st. with about 1 sessile 
1. simple or with 1—3 simple arcuate-ascending lateral ped. each 
subtended hy a small bract, root-l. stalked ovate acute (outer ob- 
tuse) rosulate persistent, ventricose inv. and ped. setose and hairy, 
phyll. acuminate—H. Lawsonit Bab.—L. slightly narrowed be- 
low, finely toothed ; outer 1. very blunt, often nearly round. St. 
