196 45, COMPOSITA. 
headed or branched and few-headed, J. ovate or lanceolate sinuate- 
dentate below, ped. and inv. with ashy stellate down and black 
with many sete and longer white-pointed hairs, outer phyll. ob- 
tuse.—Root-l. suddenly narrowed below, usually toothed in their 
lower half but entire in the upper, rosulate, persistent, long- 
stalked ; outer 1. roundish, subcordate. Ped. arrect. Outer phyll. 
short, more or less blunt. FI. slightly ciliate in bud.—This and 
the following plant resemble H. alpinum and are sometimes 
with difficulty distinguished from it.—Highlands of cle 
P. VII. ; 
14. H. atratum (Fr.); green, st. with 1—3 leaves 1 or few 
headed, J. elliptic-oblong narrowed below equally toothed, ped. 
and iny. with white stellate down and black with many sete and 
longer whitish-pointed hairs, phyll. all acuminate, unopened 
heads upright.—Much like H. nigrescens. Root-l. few. _ L. all 
decidedly narrowed below, regularly denticulate or dentate, long- 
stalked ; outer 1. roundish. Ped. arrect. Inv. urceolate. Phyll. 
all alike, linear attenuate ——Highlands of Scotland and on Hel- 
vellyn. P. VII. VIII. E. §. 
15. H. murorum (L.); green, st. scapelike with about | distant 
stalked 1., root-l. many stalked cordate or ovate mostly with large 
patent or descending teeth below, heads corymbose, arcuate- 
ascending ped. and inv. green with thin white stellate down many 
black sete and few or no black-based hairs, phyll. cuspidate, 
pappus white—St. often leafless. Root-l. rosulate, persistent. 
Stellate down on ped. and inv. scattered; sete conspicuous ; 
usually no hairs, but sometimes they are many. Young heads 
cylindrical.—. pilosissimum (Fr.) ; root-l. ovate entire dentate or 
cut clothed on both sides or beneath only and their petioles with 
very many long hairs often mixed with stellate down.—y. H. in- 
cisum (Hoppe); root-l. cordate rounded or narrowed below with 
large patent or even ascending teeth, phyll. with long cusps.— 
Woods and rocks. £8. Cheddar Cliffs, Som. Llyn Ogwan, N. 
Wales. y. Ben Wyvis, Rosshire. P. VI.—VIIL. 
** Phyll. incumbent, not exceeding the opening fl., obtuse or 
acutish, not cuspidate. L. collected at the base of the stem. 
16. H. cesium (Fr.); cesio- glaucous, st-l. placed low 1 or few, 
root-l. many stalked ovate or lanceolate rounded or narrowed 
and deeply toothed below with deciduous stellate down beneath, 
straight spreading ped. and inv. with stellate down few blackish 
sete and many black-based hairs, phyll. rather blunt, pappus 
dirty white.—H. murorum E. B. 2082.—Root-stock woody. St. 
sometimes leafless but it usually has 1 or more sessile st.-leaves. 
Root-l. rosulate, persistent. Young heads roundish. Setze incon- 
spicuous often hidden by the long hairs.—8. H. hypocheridoides 
